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Block 3 Pharm > Stimulants > Flashcards

Stimulants Flashcards

1
Q

Caffine low dose

A

Low dose: [Post-synaptic: inhibits IPSPs. Pre-synaptic: inhibit the inhbition of glutamate.]

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2
Q

Caffeine High dose

A

High dose: [inhibit PDE3 -> bronchodilation].

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3
Q

Caffeine very high dose

A

Very high dose: [induce Ca release from ER]

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4
Q

Caffeine works on what R

A

Adeonsine receptor antagonist

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5
Q

Caffeine adverse effects

A

Tolerance, physical dependence, withdrawal. High dose: tachycardia.

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6
Q

Pre-synpatic: inhibit glutamate release

A

adenosine

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7
Q

Adenosine effect on its receptor Post synaptic

A

casuses IPSPs

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8
Q

Adenosine presynaptic

A

inhibit glutamate release

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9
Q

Weak base; extract B from BH+ in an alkaline solution -> crack

A

Cocaine

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10
Q

Tolerance, physical dependence, withdrawal. Damage to dopaminergirc neurons. Overdose: seizures, CV effects. On fetus: pre-mature, learning/emotional problems, attachment disorder

A

Cocaine toxicity

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11
Q

Cocaine toxicity

A

tolernance and physical dependence… see withdrawl and damages DA neurons

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12
Q

Cocaine OD

A

seizures, CV effects.

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13
Q

Cocaine effect on fetus

A

pre-mature, learning/emotional problems, attachment disorder

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14
Q

Mostly illicit. Local anesthetic in upper resp. surgery (nose), as its both local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor

A

Cocaine

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15
Q

Reinforcing/euphora effects from Dopamine in mesolimbic. Local anesthetic, vasoconstrictor. NE -> tachycardia

A

Cocaine

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16
Q

Why is cocaine addictin

A

reinforcind and euprora effects from DA in the mesolimbic area

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17
Q

Inhibits NET, DAT, SERT

A

Cocaine

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18
Q

What does cocaine do to result in stimulting effects

A

Inhibits NET, DAT, SERT

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19
Q

Inhibits NET, DAT, SERT. Release NE, 5-HT, DA. Partial agonist of alpha. MAOI

A

Amphetamine

20
Q

What reuptakes does amphetamine inhibit?

What does it release?

A

NET, DAT, SERT

releases NE, 5HT and DA

21
Q

Amphetamine is a partial agonist of:

A

alpha MAOI

22
Q

What are the effects of amphetamine that would make someone want ot take them

A

More NE effects than cocaine. Arousal, enhance athletic and intellectual performance.

23
Q

We prescribe amphetamines for

A

Narcolepsy or ADHD

24
Q

Which has longer 1/2 life, cocaine or amphetamines

A

amphetamines

25
Q

What affects do we see for ADHD when giving amphetamines

A

decrease app, insomnai, abdominal pain, high body temp

26
Q

What we see amphetamines at high dose we see

A

restless, dizzy and pychosis (DA) and tremor

27
Q

Not-technically an Amphetamine, but structurally and mechanistically very similar

A

Methylphenidate

28
Q

Methamphetamine has same mechanism as amphetamines but higher abuse potential because

A

enters the brain better

29
Q

High dose: [restless, dizzy, tremor, psychosis (DA), neurotoxicity, meth mouth (decay, dry, grinding), abuse

A

see with methamphetamines, amphetamines

30
Q

MEch of Methamphetamines

A

Inhibits NET, DAT, SERT. Release NE, 5-HT, DA. Partial agonist of alpha. MAOI

31
Q

Nicotinic cholinergic agonist

A

Nicotine

32
Q

Nicotine effects on CNS

A

CNS stimulant -neuronal excitation/dopamine in nucleus acumbens.

33
Q

Nicotine effects on
SNS
PNS

A

Sympathetic: release NE from adrenal.
Parasympathetic: GI stimulation

34
Q

1st cigarrette (nicotine)

A

Nausea, tolerance (rapid/tachyphylaxis -> first cig of day is best).

35
Q

Withdrawl from nicotine

A

Withdrawal: irritability, hostility, impatience, anxiety, depression, difficulty concentrating, increased appetite/weight gain

36
Q

Bupropion use

A

Nictoine withdrawal (mostly the depression)

37
Q

Nictoine withdrawal (mostly the depression)

A

Bupropion

38
Q

Inhibits NET, DAT for nicotine withdrawl

A

Bupropion

39
Q

Buproprion Inhibits

A

NET, DAT

40
Q

Side effects of Buproprion

A

xerostomia, insomnia

41
Q

More efficacious than placebo and bupropion at 12 and 24 wks

A

Varenicline

42
Q

Partial nicotinic agonist

A

Varenicline

43
Q

Varenicline is used for

A

nictotine withdrawl

44
Q

Reduce nicotine cravings; also blocks nicotine’s effects if person smoked

A

Varenicline

45
Q

Side effects of Varenicline

A

Nausea, insomnia, headaches, constipation. Increased suicidal thoughts and depression

Block 3 Pharm (19 decks)

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