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Maternity & Women's Health > STI (Bacterial) > Flashcards

STI (Bacterial) Flashcards

1
Q

Common bacterial causes of STI?

A
  • Chlamydia
  • Gonorrhea
  • Syphilis
  • Chancroid
  • Lymphogranuloma venereum
  • Mycoplasma
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2
Q

Common viral causes of STI?

A
  • HIV
  • Herpes Simplex viruses types 1 & 2
  • Viral hepatitis A & B
  • Human papillomavirus (HPV)
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3
Q

Protozoa that cause STI?

A

Trichomoniasis

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4
Q

Parasites that cause STI?

A
  • (May be sexually transmitted
  • Pediculus pubis
  • Scabies
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5
Q

Five P’s of STI screening?

A

Partners (#, M/F), Practices, Prevention, Previous Pregnancies, Protection

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6
Q

What is the most common STI?

A

Chlamydia Trachomatis

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7
Q

Which 2 STI’s often coinfect with one another?

A

chlamydia and gonorrhea

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8
Q

Routes of transmission for chlamydia?

A
  • Sex: oral, vaginal, anal
  • childbirth
  • direct contact (spread to another part of same body)
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9
Q

Symptoms of chlamydia?

A

burning, inflammation, pain, dysuria, urethritis, discharge (pus), dyspareunia, prostatitis, urethritis, infective/reactive arthritis

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10
Q

Complication of chlamydia in a female?

A

PID, spead through fallopian tubes

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11
Q

Common spread sites for chlamydia?

A

eye and joints

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12
Q

What is reactive arthritis?

A

when the antibodies attack both the bacteria and the joint

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13
Q

What is is called when the antibodies attack both the bacteria and the joint?

A

reactive arthritis

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14
Q

Why is it hard to identify/see chlamydia using a gram stain?

A

the bacteria is an intracellular organism

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15
Q

What is the Rider’s Syndrome triad?

A

trachoma, urethritis, reactive arthritis

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16
Q

Neonatal chlamydia clinical manifestations?

A

conjunctivitis (crust on eyes), pneumonia, premature labor and death

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17
Q

Tx for chlamydia?

A

antibiotics (doxycycline)

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18
Q

Why are women screened for chlamydia during pregnancy?

A

up to 70% are asymptomatic

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19
Q

Which STI can spread to the CNS and cause meningitis?

A

gonorrhea

20
Q

Reactive arthritis is unique to which STI?

A

chlamydia

21
Q

Which clinical manifestation is unique to gonorrhea?

A

pustules in the anus

22
Q

Gonorrheal meningitis is more common in what population?

A

children

23
Q

Why can the body not develop antibodies toward gonorrhea?

A

the bacteria have OPA protein that binds to OPA receptor on the WBC, preventing it from working properly

24
Q

How to diagnose gonorrhea?

A
  • will see gram neg cocc pairs on gram stain

- culture using Thayer-Martin media

25
Q

Which culture media is specific to gonorrhea?

A

Thayer-Martin media

26
Q

What organism is responsible for syphilis?

A

treponema pallidum (spirochete)

27
Q

Which STI is know as the “great imitator”?

A

syphilis

28
Q

How long does it take for syphilis symptoms to show?

A

< 3 weeks

29
Q

Classical signs of primary syphilis?

A

chancre and inguinal lymphadenopathy

30
Q

What is a painless lesion found in the primary stage of syphilis?

A

chance

31
Q

Symptoms of secondary syphilis?

A

fever, regional or systemic lymphadenopathy, condyloma lata (lg with wart), papulosquamosrash

32
Q

Which symptom is characteristic of stage 2 syphilis and can be used as a diagnostic tool?

A

maculopapular rash on palms of hands and soles of feet

33
Q

Which STI invades the endothelial walls of vessels?

A

syphilis

34
Q

Time frame for stages of syphyilis?

A
  • Stage 1: 3-90 days
  • Stage 2: 4-10 weeks
  • early latent: < 2 yrs
  • late latent: > 2 yrs
  • tertiary: > 3 yrs
35
Q

In which stages of syphilis will the patient have no symptoms?

A

early latent & late latent

36
Q

What is it called when the pupils can accommodate, but not react to light?

A

argyle Robertson pupils can be caused by syphilis

37
Q

Characteristic symptoms of tertiary syphilis?

A
  • gumma
  • neurosyphilis
  • argyle roberston pupils
  • cardiosyphylis (attacks aorta)
38
Q

Early (birth-1 yr) symptoms of congenital syphilis?

A
  • hepatosplenomegaly
  • maculopapular rash
  • pneumonia
39
Q

Late (> 1yr) symptoms of congenital syphilis?

A
  • saddle nose deformity
  • saber skin deformity (tibia)
  • Hutchinson’s teeth
  • Hutchinson’s triad
40
Q

What symptoms makeup the hutchinsons triad?

A

hutchinson’s teeth, interstitial keratitis and deafness

41
Q

Notched central incissors seen in late congenital syphilis?

A

Hutchinson’s teeth

42
Q

What is a Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction?

A

the dead syphilis bacteria release toxins causing fever, muscle pain, HA & tachycardia

43
Q

S/S of a Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction?

A

fever, chills, muscle pain, HA, hypotension and tachycardia
- occurs within 24 (usually within 1-3) hrs after antibiotic treatment of a spirochete infection

44
Q

What are common sites for gumma formation in a patient with tertiary syphilis?

A

skin, liver, and bone

45
Q

argyle robertson pupils

A

when the pupils can accommodate, but not react to light

Maternity & Women's Health (18 decks)

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