Respiratory, Endocrine, &Genetic Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

There is a peak in relative insulin insensitivity during which part pf pregnancy?

A

26-28 weeks gestation

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2
Q

Gestationl Diabetes timeframe?

A

Begins 24-26 wks, up to 6 wk PP

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3
Q

What causes the insulin resistance during pregnancy

A

human placenta hormone (hPL)

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4
Q

When does gestational dibetes screning take place?

A

24-28 wks

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5
Q

Gestational Diabetes Screening: 3 Hour OGTT

A
  • Uses 100 g Fasting for 3 Hour OGTT

- If 2 or more abnormal values = GDM

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6
Q

Diabetes Screening: 3 Hour OGTT Normal serum values?

A

Fasting <105 mg/dl
1 hour <190 mg/dl
2 hours <165 mg/dl
3 hours <145 mg/dl

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7
Q

Diabetes Screening: 2 hour OGTT

A
  • One or more of the values must be equaled or exceeded for the diagnosis of GDM.
  • Fasting 92 mg/dl
  • 1 hour 180 mg/dl
  • 2 hours 153 mg/dl
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8
Q

Potential Pregnancy Dangers with Diabetes (Fetus)

A
  • increase Neural tube defects
  • Macrosomia
  • IUGR
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9
Q

Potential Pregnancy Dangers with Diabetes (Neonate)

A
  • Hypoglycemia
  • Hypocalcemia
  • Polycythemia
  • Hyperbilirubinemia
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10
Q

What happens to insulin needs after delivery?

A

insulin needs drop significantly in 1st 24hrs

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11
Q

What happens to the thyroid during pregnancy?

A

usually enlarges

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12
Q

What effect does Hcg and estrogen have on T3/T4 levels?

A

they increase

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13
Q

Labs that differentiate hyperthyroidism in pregnancy?

A

-increased T4/T3, significantly decreased TSH

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14
Q

Do thyroid meds cross the placenta?

A

yes (ex. synthroid)

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15
Q

Labs that differentiate hypothyroidism in pregnancy and tx?

A
  • increased TSH with or without decreased T4(free Thyroxine)
  • Treatment: Levothyroxine (eg. Synthroid)
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16
Q

How is Sickle Cell transmitted?

A

autosomal recessive inheritance (25% chance)

17
Q

Complications of Sickle Cell Anemia in Pregnancy include an increased risk of?

A
  • High fetal wastage (Spontaneous AB, stillbirth)
  • Hemolytic anemia
  • UTIs & pyelonephritis
  • Urinalysis each trimester even with SC Trait
  • Hematuria
  • Leg ulcers
  • Increased maternal mortality & morbidity (5-10 %)
  • Increased susceptibility to infection
  • Pre-eclampsia
18
Q

How is Cystic Fibrosis transmitted?

A

Autosomal Recessive Inheritance 25% risk of inheritance

19
Q

Most common fatal autosomal recessive genetic disorder in Caucasian children?

A

Cystic Fibrosis

20
Q

The below are potential dangers for neonates in which disorder:

  • Hypoglycemia
  • Hypocalcemia
  • Polycythemia
  • Hyperbilirubinemia
A

Diabetes

21
Q

The below are potential dangers for a fetus in which disorder:

  • increase Neural tube defects
  • Macrosomia
  • IUGR
A

Diabetes