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Maternity & Women's Health > Contraception > Flashcards

Contraception Flashcards

1
Q

Methods of contraception?

A

Sterilization (15.5%)
OCPs (16%)
Long-acting reversible (7%)
Injectable (3%)

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2
Q

Properties of Contraceptives Desired by Women?

A
  • Highly effective
  • Prolonged duration of action
  • Rapidly reversible
  • Privacy of use
  • Protection against STI
  • Easily accessible
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3
Q

Behavioral Methods of contraception?

A
  • Abstinence
  • Fertility Awareness
  • coitus interruptus
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4
Q

Barrier Methods of contraception?

A
  • condom
  • diaphram
  • cervical cap
  • sponge
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5
Q

Hormonal methods of contraception?

A
  • OCP’s
  • injectable
  • transdermal
  • vaginal ring
  • implantable
  • IUD
  • Emergency contraceptions
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6
Q

Example of Monophasic

COC?

A

Loestrin
Ortho-Cyclen
Alesse

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7
Q

Example of Biphasic COC pills?

A

Mircette Ortho-Novum 1

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8
Q

Example of Triphasic COC pills?

A

Ortho Tri-Cyclen

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9
Q

Ortho Tri-Cyclen is what type of contraception?

A

Triphasic COC pills

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10
Q

Mircette Ortho-Novum 1 is what type of contraception?

A

Biphasic COC pills

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11
Q

Extended Cycle Oral Contraceptives?

A
  • Lybrel
  • Seasonale
  • Seasonique
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12
Q

Signs of potential complications with COCs/ OCPs?

A

ACHES:

  • Abd pain
  • Chest pain or SOB
  • Headache (sudden or persistent)
  • Eye problems
  • Severe leg pain, cramps or warmth
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13
Q

Contraindications for CHC’s?

A
  • hx of clotting disorders or thormoembolisms
  • hx of CV issues (HTN)
  • migraines with halos
  • breast or endometrial cancer
  • pregnant
  • > 35 and smokes
  • any age and >15 cig/day
  • BMI > 40
  • liver disease
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14
Q

How often is Depo-Provera given and at what dose?

A

150mg IM q 12 wks (3 months)

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15
Q

What type of contracetpion is Depo-Provera

A

Progesterone IM injection

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16
Q

AE of Depo-Provera?

A

spotting and irregular bleeding for 1st 6-12 months, then amenorrhea

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17
Q

How long does a woman have to wait after stopping the Dep-Provera tx to get prego?

A

6-12 months

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18
Q

Dep-Provera mechanism of action?

A

stops ovary from releasing an egg and thickens cervical mucus

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19
Q

Possible hormonal side effects IUD?

A
  • Mood changes
  • Acne
  • Headache
  • Breast tenderness
  • Nausea
  • Persistent ovarian follicles
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20
Q

Signs of IUD complications?

A

“PAINS”

  • Period late; abnormal spotting
  • Abd pain; dyspareunia
  • Infection exposure; abn vag d/c
  • Not feeling well, fever, chills
  • String missing, shorter or longer
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21
Q

Medical term for painful sex?

A

dyspareunia

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22
Q

Single Contraceptive Implant drugs?

A

Nexplanon

Implanon

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23
Q

Single Contraceptive Implants are effective for how long?

A

3 years

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24
Q

Single Contraceptive Implants mechanism of action?

A

inhibits ovulation

25
Q

Diaphragm & Cervical Cap insertion and removal teaching?

A

insert up 6hrs before sex and keep in for a minimum of 6hrs after

26
Q

Contraceptive Sponge teaching?

A
  • Contains N-9 spermicide
  • Fits over the cervix
  • Moisten w/ H2O prior to use
  • Protection for 24hrs
27
Q

Why must a contraceptive sponge be removed at the 24 hr mark?

A

leaving it in longer places woman at risk for Toxic Shock Syndrome [TSS]

28
Q

Medical term for the pull out method?

A

Coitus Interruptus

29
Q

Lactational Amenorrhea Method?

A
  • Temporary method (6 months)

- Prolactin inhibits estrogen production, suppress ovulation, & delays menses

30
Q

Best results for Lactational Amenorrhea Method required that?

A
  • Exclusive breastfeeding
  • No menses since delivery
  • Infant younger than 6 months
31
Q

What is Essure?

A

non surgical contraception where a spring like device is placed into the fallopian tube and scar tissue forms around it to block the p-way

32
Q

Plan B MOA when taken during the 1st month of the menstrual cycle?

A

prevents ovulation

33
Q

Plan B MOA when taken after ovulation?

A

thickens cervical mucus and may directly inhibit fertilization

34
Q

An induced abortion should e down within what time frame?

A

< 20 wks of prego

35
Q

Good candidates for the Extended Cycle Oral Contraceptives?

A
  • women with endometriosis and painful menses
  • PMS, PMDD
  • want fewer menses
36
Q

How does Combined Hormonal Therapy work?

A
  • tricks body into thinking it is prego
  • thickens cervical mucus
  • thins endometrial lining so implantation cannot occur
37
Q

Examples of IUD’s?

A

Mirena (5 yrs) and Skyla (3 yrs)

38
Q

IUD MOA?

A
  • Thickened cervical mucus
  • Inhibits sperm motility and function
  • Endometrium suppressed
  • Ovulation inhibited in some
39
Q

Dosing frequencies:

1) injectable
2) implant
3) IUD
4) Ring
5) Patch

A

1) 12 wks
2) 3-5 yrs
3) 3-5 yrs
4) q 4 wks
5) weekly

40
Q

Hormonal Contraception mechanisms of actions?

A

1) tricks the body into thinking it’s already prego
2) makes endometrial lining unsuitable for implantation
3) increases cervical mucus production

41
Q

Combined hormonal contraception are contraindicated for who?

A

cancer patients, smokers, and breastfeeding mothers

42
Q

Why are combined hormonal contraception not indicated for breastfeeding mothers and cancer patients?

A

estrogen decreases milk production and increased levels can contribute to or cause cancer

43
Q

What are the non-contraception benefits of combined hormonal therapy?

A
  • regular, less painful and lighter periods
  • protects against certain benign ovarian and breast cysts, fibroids and endometriosis
  • may improve hirsuism and acne
44
Q

Side effects of CHT?

A
  • HA, N, breast tenderness and mood swings
  • few months: HTN, breakthrough bleeding/spotting
  • links to thrombosis and breast cancer
45
Q

Vaginal or Nuva Ring patient teaching?

A
  • self inserted and removed
  • remains in for 3 wks and removed on the 4th wk
  • bleeding should occur once removed
46
Q

Contraindications for the HCT patch?

A
  • hx of thromboembolism, clotting disorders or CV issues
  • migraines with auras
  • breast or endometrial cancer
  • prego
  • > 35 y/o + > 15 cig/day
  • BMI 40
  • diabetes with vascular complications
  • liver disease
47
Q

HCT Patch patient teaching?

A
  • place on abd, arm or butt (NOT BREAST)
  • leave on of 7 days then replace x 3 wks
  • 4th week is patch free
48
Q

How does the progesterone only (min-pill) work?

A

makes cervical mucus thick and hostile to sperm

49
Q

CHT injection patient teaching?

A
  • last 3 months
  • causes decreased bone density first 2-3 yrs
  • may cause irregular bleeding or amenorrhe
50
Q

CHT implantable patient teaching?

A
  • implanted into upper arm
  • lasts 3 - 5 yrs
  • does not cause decrease of bone density
51
Q

IUD patient teaching?

A
  • inserted and removed by health professional
  • have lighter periods after 1 yr, but worse initially
  • if gets prego, need to have the IUD removed
52
Q

What is Mirena?

A

IUD that last up to 5 yr

53
Q

What is Skyla?

A

IUD that last up to 3yrs

54
Q

How long does a postpartum woman need to wait before starting the Mini-Pill?

A

3 weeks post partum

55
Q

How often should a woman check the string of her IUD?

A

q month after her menses

56
Q

Diaphragm & Cervical Cap teaching?

A
  • fitted by a provider
  • insert up to 6hrs b4 sex
  • apply spermicide for increased effectiveness
  • remains in for minimum of 6 hrs post coitus
57
Q

How long does it take for scar tissue to form around the Essure microinsert?

A

3 months, then get the Essure test

58
Q

How does the provider prove the effectiveness of the Essure?

A

Essure test 3 months after insertion, dye is injected into the uterus and an xray is taken to view its spread

Maternity & Women's Health (18 decks)

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