STI and PAP Testing Flashcards
Symptoms of trichomoniasis
Thin or frothy bad-smelling discharge that can be yellow or brown. Like alkaline environment (4.5+)
Diagnosis of trichomoniasis
Take sample & look under microscope
Treatment of trichomoniasis
Flagyl or Tindamax in oral dose. All sexual partners should be treated.
Considerations with flagyl
Flagyl + alcohol can make you very sick!!!
What is bacterial vaginosis associated with?
Douching - removes normal flora of vagina
S&S of bacterial vaginosis
Thin, gray, white discharge that smells fishy
Treatment of bacterial vaginosis
Flagyl or clindamycin
What does the microscope show with bacterial vaginosis?
Epithelial cells with bacteria sticking around edges
S&S of chlamydia
Often asymptomatic, but can cause yellowish/brownish vaginal discharge and painful urination in women
Treatment of chlamydia
Azithromycin, doxycycline, or levofloxacin, treat ALL partners
What can chlamydia cause?
PID, infertility and ectopic pregnancy, as when untreated infection can ascend from cervix into upper genital tract, resulting in scarring of fallopian tubes
S&S of gonorrhea
Vaginal discharge, painful urination, painful intercourse, often asymptomatic
Treatment of gonorrhea
In addition to treatment for chlamydia- give Ceftriaxone IM. Treat ALL sexual partners.
Primary stage of syphilis
Painless chancre on genitalia, anus, or oral mucosa. Get biopsy. Serum tests usually negative.
Secondary stage of syphilis
2 months in. Organ enlargement, HAs, anorexia, rash, warts, serum tests usually positive.
Tertiary stage of syphilis
Last several years, involves heart, vasculature, CNS, paralysis & psychosis can happen
Treatment for syphilis
Penicillin G
What is HSV 1 associated with?
Oro-pharyngeal infections
What is HSV 2 associated with?
Genital lesions
S&S of herpes
blisters (vesicles) to vulva, perineum or perianal area within 2-12 days of primary infection
What does the herpes virus do?
Can remain dormant and flare. Recurrent episodes are not as painful but just as dangerous. Can transmit days before lesions pop up.
Treatment of herpes
None - can reduce transmission with antivirals
S&S of HPV
Dry, wart-like growths on vagina, labia, cervix and perineal area
Diagnosis of HPV?
Pap test w/ reflex, colposcopy
Treatment of HPV?
Removal of warts, if present, topically or with cryotherapy.
What is the vaccination for HPV?
Gardasil (types 6, 11, 16, 18, causing 90% of genital warts and 70% of cervical cancer); not as effective w/previous exposure; ages 9-26.
What is AIDS caused by?
HIV
MOT with AIDS?
Bodily secretions, blood or blood products
Treatment of AIDS?
NO cure - slow disease progress with antiretroviral therapy
What is pelvic inflammatory disease?
Bacteria ascend into upper genital tract resulting in inflammation of endometrium, fallopian tubes and pelvis - typically from gonorrhea & chlamydia
S&S of PID?
Sometimes none, or pelvic pain, discharge, vaginal bleeding, abd tenderness, cervical motion tenderness
Lab results for PID?
Leukocytosis, decreased sed rate, UA needed to r/o UTI
What is the purpose of a pap test?
Detect precancerous and cancerous changes to cervix, test for HPV
When does a woman start getting paps?
21
