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Women's Health > Quiz #3 - Stages of Labor > Flashcards

Quiz #3 - Stages of Labor Flashcards

1
Q

What are some issues for new nurses regarding labor?

A

Mom’s have pain that you may have never experienced! It’s unpredictable and feels very intimate which can be scary

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2
Q

What do intermittent labor contractions allow for?

A

Placental blood flow & exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products

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3
Q

What part of the uterus contracts during labor?

A

Upper

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4
Q

What is effacement?

A

The gradual thinning, shortening, and drawing up of the cervix measured from 0-100%

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5
Q

What is dilation?

A

The gradual opening of the cervix measured in cm from 0-10cm

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6
Q

What happens to the fetus’ pulmonary system during labor?

A

Decreased production of fluid in lungs. Thoracic compression during labor expels additional fluid and they open!

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7
Q

What are the 4 components of the birthing process?

A

Powers, passage, passenger, psyche

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8
Q

What are the 2 powers of labor?

A
  1. Uterine contractions - the primary force in the first phase of labor to move fetus down
  2. Maternal pushing - during second phase
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9
Q

What is the passage of birth?

A

Maternal pelvis and soft tissue.

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10
Q

What does the hormone relaxin do?

A

Softens cartilage that links pelvic bones as term approaches.

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11
Q

What is passenger “lie”?

A

Either longitudinal (baby spine matches mom’s spine) or transverse (baby spine is perpendicular to mom’s spine)

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12
Q

What is passenger “attitude”?

A

Either flexion (baby chin tucked in) or extension (baby chin outwards)

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13
Q

What is a frank breech?

A

Fetus’ legs are straight up towards head, folded like V

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14
Q

What is a full breech?

A

Fetus hugging self, legs not straight

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15
Q

What is a single footling beech?

A

One leg sticking out!

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16
Q

What decreases a woman’s ability to cope with labor pain?

A

Anxiety, fear, fatigue

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17
Q

What is secreted in response to anxiety or fear?

A

Maternal catecholamines, they inhibit uterine contractility and placental blood flow. Mom needs to relax!!

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18
Q

What are some theories as to what onsets normal labor?

A

Changes in estrogen, prostaglandin secretion, increased secretion of oxytocin, more oxytocin receptors, fetal role, stretching of uterus, etc.

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19
Q

What are some premonitory signs of labor?

A

Braxton Hicks contractions, lightening, increase in clear secretions, “bloody show”, energy spurt, small weight loss

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20
Q

What is true labor?

A

Contractions that efface & dilate the cervix

21
Q

What is false labor?

A

Irregular contractions that don’t do anything

22
Q

First stage of labor?

A
  1. Latent phase 0-6cm
  2. Active phase 6-8cm
  3. Transition phase: 8-10cm
23
Q

Second stage of labor?

A

Pushing stage

24
Q

Third stage of labor?

A

Placenta expulsed

25
Q

Fourth stage of labor?

A

Bonding stage

26
Q

What augments the natural process of labor?

A

Relaxation

27
Q

When should a women go to the hospital or birth center?

A

Increasing contractions, ruptured membranes, bleeding, decreased fetal movement, etc

28
Q

SROM

A

Spontaneous rupture of membranes

29
Q

PROM

A

Premature rupture of membranes

30
Q

AROM

A

Artificial rupture of membranes

31
Q

How do you assess for SROM or PROM?

A

With a sterile speculum exam to look for pooling (viewing amniotic fluid), ferning (swabbing secretions to test for fern pattern), or nitrazine (litmus test)

32
Q

How long after ROM will labor start?

A

80% starts within 24 hours - look at fluid color

33
Q

Why can you not vaginally exam after PROM?

A

No infection!

34
Q

What factors change how long labor is?

A

Women who have never given birth, women who have given birth previously.

35
Q

What are signs of impending birth?

A

“The baby’s coming”, grunting, bearing down, check the perineum

36
Q

What responsibilities do nurses have during birth?

A

Preparation of sterile table, perineal cleansing preparation, initial care of newborn, administering medication

37
Q

What responsibilities does the nurse have after birth with the newborn?

A

Promoting normal breathing patterns, keep their temperature good, identify them

38
Q

What responsibilities does the nurse have after birth with the mamma?

A

Looking for hemorrhage, promoting more uterine contraction, promoting parent-infant attachment

39
Q

Incriment of vital signs after birth

A

q15 min x 1 hr
q30 min x 1 hr
q hour x 2 hr

40
Q

Nursing care: assessment after birth

A

Assess for hemorrhage & the fundus. Look at color and amount of lochia

41
Q

When is the ideal time for mother-baby bonding?

A

First hour after birth because baby is alert and responsive

42
Q

How can the nurse facilitate bonding?

A

Provide privacy, do the initial assessment in mom’s arms, place infant on breast

43
Q

What effect does persistent contractions have on fetus?

A

Can reduce placental blood flow and fetal oxygen, nutrient, and waste exchange

44
Q

What is the purpose of fetal surveillance?

A

To evaluate fetal condition during pregnancy & identify possible hypoxia. Can do intermittent auscultation or an EFM

45
Q

What are the 5 required factors of adequate fetal oxygenation?

A
  1. Normal flow of oxygenated maternal blood into placenta
  2. Normal exchange within placenta
  3. Patent umbilical cord vessels
  4. Normal fetal circulation
  5. Oxygen carrying function
46
Q

What are the mechanisms that regulate fetal heart rate?

A

Autonomic nervous system, baroreceptors, chemoreceptors, adrenal glands, CNS

47
Q

Advantages of intermittent auscultation & palpation of fetus

A

Mom can get up and move around and atmosphere in room is more natural

48
Q

Limitations of intermittent auscultation & palpation of fetus

A

1-1 nursing care, uterine activity is not constantly being watched, only small part of time

Women's Health (14 decks)

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