Steve Buscemi's Behavioral Basics

Question 1

Phases of clinical trials

Answer 1

Phase 1- is it safe?
Phase 2- Does it work with people who have disease?
Phase 3- Is it better than what we already have?
Phase 4- After release of drug, should it stay on market?

Question 2

Standard Deviations

Answer 2

1=68%
2=95%
3=99.7%

Question 3

Positive skew

Answer 3

Mean>median>mode

graph looks like bell curve is on left with tail on the right

Question 4

Type 1 error

Answer 4

“You convicted an innocent man”

stating there is a different when there is no difference

Question 5

Type 2 error

Answer 5

“setting a guilty man free”

stating that there is not an effect when there is

Question 6

t-test

Answer 6

checks the difference between means of 2 groups

“Tea is meant for 2”

Question 7

ANOVA

Answer 7

checks differences between means of 3 or more groups

Analysis of Variance

Question 8

Chi-Squared

Answer 8

Checks difference between 2 or more percentages or proportions of categorical outcomes (not mean values)
example: comparing the % of members of 3 different ethnic groups who have essential HTN

Question 9

Pearson correlation coefficient

Answer 9

R is always between -1 and 1
closer to 1 then there is a perfect correlation
R squared is usually the value reported

Question 10

Disease prevention:

primary, secondary, tertiary

Answer 10

primary: Prevent disease occurrence
secondary: screening early for disease
tertiary: Treatment to reduce disability from disease

Question 11

Medicare

Answer 11

is available everyone 65+

if younger than 65 must have certain disabilities, with end-stage renal disease

Question 12

When is a minor’s consent not needed

Answer 12

Sex, drugs, and rock and roll (trauma/emergency)

Question 13

APGAR

Answer 13

Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, Respiration
Greater than or equal to 7=good
4-6= assist and stimulate

Question 14

Moro reflex

Answer 14

Arms extend when laid back

goes away by 4 to 6 months

Question 15

Babinski reflex

Answer 15

Last reflex to go away in baby

Goes away in 12 to 14 months

Question 16

Rooting Reflex

Answer 16

Touching a baby’s cheek makes the baby turn their head to that side
goes away by 4th month

Question 17

Palmar Reflex

Answer 17

Put something in baby’s hand and the kids will grasp it

Goes away by 4th-6th month

Question 18

How to calculate type II error when all you know is the power

Answer 18

Type 2 error=1 - power of the study, tells you the chance the study does not apply to the greater population