Sternoclavicular Joint

Question 1

What type of joint is the Sternoclavicular Joint?

Answer 1

Double plane synovial Joint that acts as a ball and socket joint

Question 2

What are the articular surfaces involved in the joint?

Answer 2

Clavicle, Sternum and first costal cartilage

Question 3

Describe the relations of the articular surfaces?

Answer 3

Medial end of the clavicle with the clavicular notch at the superolateral angle of the sternum and adjacent upper medial surface of the 1st costal cartilage

Question 4

Are the articular surfaces convex?

Answer 4

No, they are concavoconvex

Question 5

Describe the joint capsule

Answer 5

Fibrous capsule attaching to articular margins with an inferior region extending to the 1st costal cartilage

Question 6

What is the weakest part of the joint capsule?

Answer 6

The inferior region extending to the 1st costal cartilage

Question 7

What is found in-between the joint?

Answer 7

Articular disc

Question 8

What is the function of the articular disc?

Answer 8

To separate the joint capsule into two synocial cavities

Question 9

How many synovial membranes is found within the joint capsule?

Answer 9

Two

Question 10

Describe the articular disc

Answer 10

Flat, round, thinner in the middle and may be perforated to allow communication between the joint cavities.

Question 11

What compensates for the lack of congruency between the articular surfaces?

Answer 11

Articular disc

Question 12

What are the ligaments involved in the joint?

Answer 12

Interclavicular, Anterior sternoclavicular, Posterior sternoclavicular and Costoclavicular

Question 13

What is the function of the interclavicular ligament?

Answer 13

Strengthen the capsule superiorly

Question 14

What is the strongest ligament involved in the joint?

Answer 14

Costoclavicular ligament

Question 15

The anterior fibres of the costoclavicular ligament pass?

Answer 15

Superolaterally

Question 16

The posterior fibres of the costoclavicular ligament pass?

Answer 16

Superomedially

Question 17

What is the function of the costoclavicular ligament?

Answer 17

Limit elevation of the clavicle
Prevent excessive anterior or posterior movements of the medial end of the clavicle
Accounts for the weakened inferior region of the joint capsule

Question 18

What provides limited joint security?

Answer 18

Shape of articular surfaces and surrounding musculature

Question 19

What stabilises the joint?

Answer 19

Ligaments, especially costoclavicular

Question 20

Does dislocation or fracturing often occur in the joint?

Answer 20

Fracturing

Question 21

If dislocation does occur what happens?

Answer 21

It is more likely to happen again due to ligament laxity

Question 22

What movements occur around the costoclavicular ligament?

Answer 22

Elevation, depression

Retraction, protraction

Question 23

If elevation occurs at lateral end is results in?

Answer 23

Inferolateral movement of the medial end

Question 24

What is the ROM for elevation and depression?

Answer 24

60 degrees

Question 25

What limits elevation?

Answer 25

Costoclavicular ligament

Question 26

What limits depression?

Answer 26

Interclavicular ligament

Question 27

Protraction of the lateral end of clavicle causes?

Answer 27

Medial end moves posteriorly

Question 28

Retraction of the lateral end of the clavicle causes?

Answer 28

Medial end moves anteriorly

Question 29

Anterior movement is limited by?

Answer 29

Costoclavicular and anterior sternoclavicular ligaments

Question 30

Posterior movement is limited by?

Answer 30

Costoclaviculat and posterior sternoclavicular ligaments

Question 31

How is axial rotation produced?

Answer 31

Rotation of the scapula

Question 32

ROM is increases in axial rotation when?

Answer 32

The lateral end of the clavicle is moved posteriorly (retraction)

Question 33

Axial rotation occurs due to?

Answer 33

Incongrunece of articular surfaces
Presence of an intra-articular disc
Laxity of capsular thickenings