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micro immuno exam 1 > Sterilization > Flashcards

Sterilization Flashcards

1
Q

Prevention of Contact with Microoganisms by disinfecetion and sterilization

A

Asepsis

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2
Q

Process that kill all forms of Microbes physical and chem

A

Sterilization

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3
Q

Eliminates many pathogens(not spores… inhibit growth)

A

Disinfections

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4
Q

Antiseptic

A

Living, stops growth or action of microorganisms

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5
Q

Disinfectants

A

Non-living

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6
Q

physical disinfection

A

Bioling, filter, paseurization

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7
Q

Phsical Steriliation

A

Heat, Radiation, UV

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8
Q

Chemical Sterilization

A

Gases

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9
Q

Chemical Disinfection

A

Liquids

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10
Q

Infections that origninate in hospital like settings

A

Nosocomial Infection

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11
Q

Infections acquired before administration

A

Community-acquired

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12
Q

Infections acquired after administrat

A

Nosocomial infections

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13
Q

Patients own microbiota

A

Endogenous

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14
Q

Transmission of organism from external enviroment to patient

A

Exogenous

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15
Q

Causes a range of illness from skin to wound to pneumonia and blood. LEads to steptous and death. Most common healthcare-associated infection

A

MRSA

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16
Q

Few treatment bacteria due to antibiotic resistance

A

VRSA

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17
Q

A set of coordinated strategies to improve the use of antimicrobial meds with to reduce resistance to antibiotic and reduce costs

A

Antimicrobials stewardship

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18
Q

Substances used to treat infectous disease

A

Antimicrobials

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19
Q

Antibacterials come from

A

Fungi or bacteria, also chem synthesized

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20
Q

The lowest concentration able to inhibit microorganisms growth in vitro

A

Minimal inhibitory concentration

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21
Q

Target of Antibacterials

A

that which is not present in eukaryotes (cell wall, 70s ribosome, Folic acid synth)

22
Q

Cell wall targeting

A

Penicillins, VAncomycin

23
Q

DNA synth target

A

Fluoroquinoones

24
Q

RNA synth target

A

Rifamycins

25
Q

Plasma membrane target

A

Polymvxins

26
Q

Ribsome target

A

Aminoglycoside(30s), macrolides(50s)

27
Q

Folic acid target

A

Sulfonamides

28
Q

What is Penicillin

A

A beta Lactam

29
Q

What is Vancomycin

A

Non-beta-lactam (glycopeptide antimicrobials)

30
Q

How Beta-LActams work

A

Bind to transpeptidase and inhibit cross linking of amino acid side chains

31
Q

What is Transpeptidase

A

Penicillin-binding proteins (target of Beta lactams)

32
Q

Action of Non-beta-lactams

A

Inhibit assembly of the linear peptiodglycan binding directly to amino acid side chains to prevent peptidoglycan cross linking

33
Q

Treat MRSA

A

Vancomycin

34
Q

Action of Chloramohenicol

A

Bind to amino acids

35
Q

Macrolide action

A

Bind to tRNA and 50s

36
Q

Action of Streptogramins and oxazolidinones

A

50s block

37
Q

Action of AMinoglycosides

A

30s block

38
Q

Action of Tetracyclins

A

30s block

39
Q

Action of sulfonamides and trimethoprin

A

Inhibit folate synth

40
Q

Action of Rifampin

A

Inhibit RNA polymerase

41
Q

Action of Metronidazole

A

Breaks DNA

42
Q

Action of Quinolones

A

inhibit DNA topoisomers and gyrase

43
Q

Action of amphotericin

A

Bind to sterol-contain membranes of fungi

44
Q

Action of polymyxins

A

Disrupt gram negative outer membrane as a detergent

45
Q

Mechanisms of Resistance

A 
Efflux pumps
Blocked Penetraion
Altered target
Enzymatic inactivation
Genetic resitsance
46
Q

Why MRSA is reistant to Methicillin

A

Altered PBP’s

47
Q

treating MRSA

A

Non-beta lactans

48
Q

Why can’t Vancomysin attack VRSA

A

Altered peptide is a dipeptide so reduced affininty

49
Q

the innate ability of a bcaterial species to resist activty of antimicrobial agent though structure and function characteristis

A

Intrinisc Resitsance

50
Q

when a speices develops resistance to anitbiotic

A

Acquired resitsance

51
Q

Mutational resistanec

A

Mutation chanages ti so antibacterial no longer has effect

micro immuno exam 1 (8 decks)

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