Stereoisomerism and Optical Isomers

Question 1

Define stereoisomers

Answer 1

Molecules with the same structural formula, but different spatial arrangements

Question 2

What are the rules for stereoisomers?

Answer 2

1. double bonds are rigid and cannot rotate
2. two different groups on each C=C

Question 3

What are cis/trans isomers and their rule?

Answer 3

rule: one group must be a hydrogen
cis = same side
trans = opposite side

Question 4

What are E/Z isomers and their rule?

Answer 4

rule: prioritise by Ar
E = opposite side
Z = same side

Question 5

How do you get optical isomers?

Answer 5

4 different groups attached to a carbon which produce non-superimposable mirror images

Question 6

What are chiral carbons?

Answer 6

Carbons with 4 different functional groups attached