Electronic Arrangement and Transition Metals

Question 1

What is an orbital?

Answer 1

A region in space within an atom which can hold up to 2 electrons (with opposite spins)

Question 2

What is the shape of a s-orbital?

Answer 2

Sphere

Question 3

What is the shape of a p-orbital?

Answer 3

Figure of 8 (but 3D)

Question 4

What is the maximum electrons that can go in an s-subshell?

Answer 4

2

Question 5

What is the maximum electrons that can go in an p-subshell?

Answer 5

6

Question 6

What is the maximum electrons that can go in an d-subshell?

Answer 6

10

Question 7

What is the maximum electrons that can go in an f-subshell?

Answer 7

14

Question 8

What does each symbol represent?

aX^b

Answer 8

X = subshell type
a = Shell number
b = number of electrons in subshell

Question 9

What is the order of the subshells that get filled up?

Answer 9

| 1s^2
| 2s^2 . 2p^6
| 3s^2 . 3p^6 . 3d^10
| 4s^2 . 4p^6 . 4d^10 . 4f^14
\/
filled in diagonals

Question 10

What is the s-block? And where is it on the periodic table?

Answer 10

an element with its outermost electron in a s-orbital (or s-subshell)
Group 1 and 2 and Helium

Question 11

What is the p-block? And where is it on the periodic table?

Answer 11

an element with its outermost electron in a p-orbital (or p-subshell)
Group 3 to 8 (excluding helium)

Question 12

What is the d-block? And where is it on the periodic table?

Answer 12

an element with its outermost electron in a d-orbital (or d-subshell)
Transition Metals

Question 13

What are some properties of d-block elements?

Answer 13

malleable, dense, conductors, strong

Question 14

What happens to electronic orbitals when forming a transition metal ion?

Answer 14

remove from the 4s orbital before the 3d orbital

Question 15

Why are scandium and zinc not transition metals?

Answer 15

they only have one oxidation state and form colourless compounds

Question 16

What transition metal catalysts are used for the following processes?
Haber process, hydrogenation of alkenes, The contact process and decomposition of H2O2

Answer 16

Haber process - iron catalyst Fe
Hydrogenation of alkenes - nickel catalyst Ni
the contact process - vandium oxide V2O5
decomposition of H2O2 - manganses dioxide MnO2

Question 17

What is the definition of a transition element?

Answer 17

has at least one of its ions with a partially filled d-subshell