Reactions to learn

Question 1

Y12 What is the alkane reaction?

Answer 1

H-C-C-H + X2 –U.V light–> H-C-C-X + HX

Question 2

Y12 What are the alkene reactions?

Answer 2

C=C + H2 –Ni catalyst–> H-C-C-H
C=C + H2O –H3PO4 100oC–> H-C-C-O-H
C=C + HX —> H-C-C-X
C=C + X2 —> X-C-C-X

Question 3

Y12 What is the haloalkane reaction?

Answer 3

H-C-C-X + NaOH/H2O –reflux, ethanol solvent–> H-C-C-O-H

Question 4

Y12 What are the alcohol reactions?

Answer 4

H-C-C-O-H + NaX + H2SO4 –reflux–> H-C-C-X
H-C-C-O-H + H3PO4/H2SO4 –reflux–> C=C
H-C-C-O-H + H+/K2Cr2O7 –distillation–> H-C-C=O
H-C-C-O-H + H+/K2Cr2O7 –reflux–> H-C-C(=O)-OH

Question 5

Y13 What are the reactions for aldehydes?

Answer 5

H-C-C=O + H+/K2Cr2O7 –reflux–> H-C-C(=O)-OH
H-C-C=O AgNO3/NH3 –warm–> H-C-C(=O)-OH
H-C-C=O + [H] —> H-C-C-O-H
H-C-C=O + HCN –> H-C-C-(OH)-C—N

Question 6

Y13 What are the reactions of carboxylic acids?

Answer 6

H-C-C(=O)-OH + SOCl2 –> H-C-C(=O)-Cl
H-C-C(=O)-OH + CH3CH2OH –> H-C-C(=O)-O-C-C-H

Question 7

Y13 What are the reaction of esters?

Answer 7

H-C-C(=O)-O-C-C-H + NaOH —> H-C-C(=O)-O-
H-C-C(=O)-O-C-C-H +HCl/H2SO4 —> H-C-C(=O)-OH

Question 8

Y13 What are the reactions of amines?

Answer 8

H-C-C—N + H2 –Ni catalyst–> H-C-C-C-NH2
H-C-C—N + H2O –HCl catalyst–> H-C-C-C(=O)-OH

Question 9

Y13 What are the reactions a chloroalkanes?

Answer 9

H-C-C-Cl + NaCN –ethanol solvent–> H-C-C-C—N
H-C-C-Cl + NH3 –ethanol solvent–> H-C-C-NH2

Question 10

Y13 What are reactions of acyl chlorides?

Answer 10

H-C-C(=O)-Cl + H2O —> H-C-C(=O)-OH
H-C-C(=O)-Cl + CH3COOH –CH2SO4 catalyst–> H-C-C(=O)-O-C-C-H
H-C-C(=O)-Cl + NH3 –ethanol solvent–> H-C-C(=O)-NH2
H-C-C(=O)-Cl + CH3NH2 –ethanol solvent–> H-C-C(=O)-NH-CH3

Question 11

Y13 What is the reaction for alcohol?

Answer 11

H-C-C-O-H + CH3CH2OH –CH2SO4 catalyst–> H-C-C(=O)-O-C-C-H