Step1_qbank_self_assesment Flashcards
ARDS is characterize by what?
Acute lung dysfuntion, pulmonary edema, normal left arterial pressure, and a PaO2/FIO2 <200
ARDS is caused by:_____
injury to endothelial cells lining the pulmonary capillaries - ajacent to the alveoli [2/2 inflammatory cytokines and neutrophils]
Which fibers are located interatrial septum near the tricuspid orafice
Purkinhe System
Bone tumor associated with Paget’s disease
Osteosarcoma
Globus hystericus
“lump in th throat sensation”; tiggered by emotions
Which vitamin can pregnant women NOT have? Why?
Vitamin A; It is lipid oluble –> not readily excreted in urine –> accumulates in stellate cells of the liver; RESULT: fetal micro encephaly, cardiac anomalies, early epiphyseal closure, growth retardation, spontaneous abortion
Drug that inhibits acetylcholin-like muscarinic agents?
Atropine
Drug that potentiates acetylcholin-like muscarinic agents?
physostigmine
[Drug tox] confusion, blurred vision, dry mucus membranes, intense thirst
atropine [anticholinergic]
Cadherins
Ca2+ dependent transmebrane protein that participate in desmosome formation via homologous interaction with cadherins on ajoining cells –DO NOT participate int hemidesmosome fuction
Molluscum contagiosum
Poxvirus; characterised by multiple firm, flesh colored, dome-shapped papules on skin and mucus membranes; pruritic and have umbilicated centers containing white curd like material
What triggers bicarb-rich fluid accumulation in the duodenum?
Low pH of the duodenal content; pH pancrase promopted (by secretin) to secrete bicarb-rich fluid –> neutralized the hydrogen atoms in chyme
What is most commonly injured in anterior or postrior knee dislocations?
Tibial artery
Most common organism responsible for Endometritis?
Bacteroides species
Normal activity of tyrosine kinase receptor
transient dimerization;
In erectile dysfuntion, Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (sildenafil) promot rection through the relaxation of which tissues?
vinus sinus smooth muscle within the corpora cavernosa
Which tissues produce bicarb inresponse to stimulation? (2)
exocrine pancrease and epithelial cells of the biliary tract
What mediates bicarb secretion
Secretin (released by S cells)
DiGeorge syndrome is assoicated with failed development of_____?
3rd and 4th pharengeal pouches (predecessors of the thymus, parathyroids glands, and ultimobranchial body) –> defective T cell immunity (2/2 abscent/hypoplastic thymus)
Androgen inensitivity
X-linked; 46XY; Female phenotype; absence of testosterone receptors; testosterone levels are high; LH levels are high (2/2 hypothalamic-pituitary gland resistance to androgen feedback); FSH is normal; EVENTUALLY circulating androgens ar econverted to estradiol –> breast development etc. /// BLIND VAGINA//// wolffian and mullerian structures are absent
Mullerian agenesis
primary ammenorrhea; NO UTERUS, NO fallopian tubes, and proximal vaginal fails to develop; LH and FSH increased; estorgen leaves
Major cause of brain injury in the pre-mature infant? Where does it start?
Intraventricular hemorrhage; germial matrix
Side effect Cisplatin (tox)
hearing loss 2/2 damage to hair cells in the cochlear membranous labyrinth
Side effect of Amiodarone
delayed onset interstital pneumonitis (in isolation)