Step1_BioChem Flashcards
[ssDNA Repair] Nucleotiide exision repair
specific endonucleases release the oligonucleotinde -containing damaged bases; DNA polymerase and ligase fill and reseal the gap (respectively)–> Repair BULKY helix distorign lesions
[ssDNA Repair] Nucleotiide exision repair - Clinical relevence
Mutated in Xeroderma Pigmentosum - which prevents repair of pyrimidine dimers because of UV light exposure
[ssDNA Repair] Base excision repair
Specific glycolases recognize and remove damaged bases, apurinic/apyrimidinic endonucleases cut DNA at both apurininc and apyrimidinic sites - empty sugar remoed – gap filled and resealed
[ssDNA Repair] Base excision repair - Clinical relevance
Repair of spontaneous/toxic deamination
[ssDNA Repair] Mismatch repair
Newly synthesized strand - recognized - mismatched nucleotides are removed - gap filled and resealed
[ssDNA Repair] Mismatch repair - Clinical relevance
Mutated in HNPCC
[dsDNA Repair] Nonhomologus end joining
Brings together 2 ends of DNA fragments to repair ds breaks. No requirment for homology
[dsDNA Repair] Nonhomologus end joining
Mutatedin ataxia telangiectasia
rRNA
most abundant
mRNA
longest
tRNA
smallest; CCA at the3’ end; anticodon end is opposite the aminoacyl end
aminoacyl-tRNA
synthase and binding of charged tRNA to codon –> responsible for accuracy of amino acid selection
Tetracyclines
bind 30S subunit –> prevent attachement of aminoacyl-tRNA
mRNA Start Codons
AUG (rarely GUG)
[mRNA start codon] Eukaryotes
Codes for methionine