stems Flashcards
nodes and inter nodes
this means its a stem not a root
Leaves attach to the nodes
leaves
petiole : stalk (or sessile, no stalk)
blade
stipules (small leaves)
axil
leaf scar: left when leaves break off, can help in winter to determine type of tree
axillary buds
terminal bud
apical meristem: directing growth
Bigger than axillary buds
bud scales
primary gr
bulb
fleshy and for storing food, have a small stem at the base
corm
food is being stored in the stem example is crocus
cladophylls
photosynthetic branch, often flat, specialized stem
ex: prickly pear cactus
thorn
modified stem, start in axel of leaf and develops into thorns
spines are modified leaves
prickles are the outgrowth of epidermis,…. example is the rose
tendril
specialized stem used to wrap around things to support the plant. Can be a modified leaf or part of a leaf, or a modified stem.
herbaceous dicots
- almost all growth is primary
- vascular bundles in cylinder with pith in middle (eustele)
- have rays of parenchyma
woody dicot and confider: effect of cell division in vascular cambium
- secondary growth
- cambium cells divide laterally
- ring of vascular tissue forms, gaps for rays
- xylem: spring wood, summer wood, growth rings
- phloem: crushed or to cork cambium, lactifers (secrete latex)
- vascular rays: conduct water from xylem to phloem/bark
- resin canals
xylem rays of vascular rays
- conduct water and nutrients from xylem
- food storage
- transport waste to old xylem
- produces:
tyloses, heartwood, sapwood
woody dicots and conifers: effect of cell division in cork cambium
-creates plates
components of bark
inner bark: phloem and cambium
outer bark: cork cambium and cork
