eukaryotic algae Flashcards
green algae
- unicellular, filaments, sheets, colonies, spheres, stars
- freshwater algae, marine, wet films, symbionts
- chlorophyll a,b,carotenoids
- store food as starch
- cell walls made from cellulose
- can be sexual and asexual
unicellular green algae
- chlamydomonas, chlorella:
eye spot - desmids
freshwater, star-shaped - acetabularia
mermaid’s wine glass
one cell two inches long
nucleus in the base
filamentous green algae
- spirogyra
spiral shaped chloroplast
floats in freshwater - oedogonium
lumps with reproducing cells - hydrodictyon
makes a network in water
colonial (multicellular) algae
- ulva
- volvox
ball of many cells, some are photosynthesizing others are reproducing
coenocytic algae
multinucleate but all one cell
- codium (dead mans fingers)
phylum chromophyta/kingdom stramenopila
- chorophyll a and carotneoids
- xanthophylls
- store food as oil or carbohydrate laminarin
- hairlike projections on flagellum
xanthophyceae (yellow green algae) characteristics
freshwater unicells
flagellae point opposite direction
chrysiohyceae (golden brown algae) characteristics
bacillariophyceae diatoms characteristics
unicellular, diploid
centric, pennate
frustule (cell wall) composed of pectins with silica
cell division: cell gets smaller each division
chlorophylls a, c , fucoxanthin
ecology of bacillariophyceae (diatoms)
primary producer
oil stores
diatomaceous earth
phaeophyceae (brown algae) characteristics
multicelluar, diploid
holdfast, stipe, blade
fucoxanthin
example of phaeophyceae (brown algae)
laminaria
nereocystis (bull kelp)
fucus (rockweed): tip of thallus fills with gelatinous material, full of pores, opens into chambers (concepticles). Gametangia located here, oogonium 8 eggs which all survive. Antheridia… 64 sperm which all survive…. no alt of generation
sargassum: can easily break loose and float indefinitely
products made from phaeophyceae (brown alga)
algin… makes ice cream and food products smooth
phylum rhodophyta (red alga) characteristics
multicellular seaweed
filamentous or packed into thalli
complexl ife cycles
chlorophylls a,d,phycobilins
storage product = floridean starch
agar, caragheenan
phylum euglenophyta
euglenas
phylum euglenophyta characteristics
elogated unicell with flexible pellicle
food groove
chloroplasts or not
one flagellum has hair fringe, other has eyespot
no sexual reproduction has been found
phylum euglenophyta ecology
common in very polluted water
sewage, runoff from barns
phylum dinophyta
dinoflagellates
phlym dinophyta characteristics
planktonic unicell
covered with cellulose plates
two flagellae , one drive forward, other to spin
many have chlorophylls: a, c; xanthophylls
lots of condensed DNA, much more DNA than avg
bioluminescent
phlum dinophyta ecology
warm marine
red tides… produce neurotoxins
phylum prymnesiophyta
haptophytes
phlym prymnesiophyta characteristics
small unicells with 3 flagellates
3rd flagellum = for food capture (one is haptonema = sticky, can trap food)
chromophyte pigments: chlorophyll a, carotenoids, xanthophylls
most covered with calcified plates
phylum prymnesiophyta ecology
planktonic marine
tropical primary waters
phylum charophyta
stonewarts
phylum charophyta characteristics
slender stalk with whorls of branches
green algal pigments: chlorophylls a,b,carotenoids
often calcified surfaces
phylumm charophyta ecology
mostly lakes and ponds
