Monocots Flashcards
dicots
magnoliopsida
monocots
class liliopsida
family poaceae
grass family
characteristics of family poaceae
flowers modified
no normal sepals, petals
stamens separate
ovary superior, 2-3 carpels, 1 locule
leaves parallel veined, sheathed base
stems round, nodes are swollen
structure of poaceae
lemma and palea are bracts that surround flower
(glume = boat shaped bract when located lower on the stem)
Pistil is compound with 2-3 carpels
stem = caul
alternate, 2 ranked leaves
sometimes one side of grass is flat
examples of poaceae
bristle or velcro grass
corn-raven
sugar cane (shrub), pompus grass
herb grass (soft, not woody tissue)
grass flowers - raven
bamboo (tree grass)
wheat, oats, barley
rattle snake grass
rachilla
bears the flower
Family Liliaceae
lily family
characteristics of family liliaceae
regular flowers, 6 tepals
6 stamens, 1 pistil with 3 carpels
leaves long, linear venation
form bulbs
examples of family liliaceae
tiger lily
wild onion (allium)
daylily (not a true lily)
agave
form bulbs for asexual reproduction
garlic
daffodil
asparagus
aloe vera
avalanche lily
datilillo
joshue tree
flase hellebore
which lily is not longer considered a true lily
daylily
false hellebore
causes birth defects due to cyclopamine
family orchidaceae
orchid family
Characteristics of family orchidaceae
3 sepals, 3 petals, irregular
stamens and pistil united into column
pollen in pollinia
many tiny seeds, inferior ovary
epiphytes: living on trees or tree ferns
examples of family orchidaseae
white rein orchid
fairy slipper orchid
spotted coral root orchid
epiphytic orchid
vanilla
epiphyte
living on tree or tree fern
family iridaceae
iris family
characteristics of iridaceae
perennial but die back
bulb, corm, rhizome
parallel lead veins
flowers:
- perfect
- 3 sepals, petals, stamens
- regular or bilaterial symmetry tend to be in 3’s
- stigmas/styles often petaloid
examples of iridaceae
yellow iris
iris douglasiana
iris missouriensis
golden eyed grass (sisyrhynchum californicum)
family arecaceae
palm family
characteristics of arecaceae
shrubs or trees
unbranched stem
spiraled crown of large, compound leaves (pinnate or palmate)
flowers white, regular, 3 sepals, petals
fruit usually a drupe
examples of family arecaceae
date palm
mexican fan palm
coconut palm
royal palm
beetlenut palm (narcotic, bright red)
oil palm
potamogatonaceae
pondweed family
characteristics of potamogatonaceae
aquatic, freshwater
usually floating or rhizomes
flowers: perfect, parts in 4’s, often spikes
perennial
leaves dimorphic
zosteraceae
eelgrass family
characteristics of zosteraceae
aquatic, estuaries or sea
temperate and subtropical
rhizomes
flowers
- imperfect; male = anther
- female = 2-carpellate pistil
- monoecious or dioecious
- pollinated underwater…. sticky pollen
examples of zosteraceae
zostera (zoster means belt)
phyllosphadix
zostera marina
zostera japonica
phyllospadix scouleri : surf grass
