Stem Cells, Differentiation, Development

Question 0

Stem cells with the ability to give rise to an entirely new organism

Answer 0

Totipotemt

Question 1

Cells which can give rise to any type of cell but not a new organism

Answer 1

Pleuripotent

Question 2

Cells which can give rise to a set of cells within a tissue thpe

Answer 2

Multipotent

Question 3

Stem cells produced after birth

Answer 3

Adult stem cells

Question 4

Conversion of one differentiated cell into another

Answer 4

Transdifferentiation

Question 5

Fate of bone marrow mesenchymal cells

Answer 5

Bone, muscle, cartilage, adipose tissue

Question 6

Key elements to a stem cell

Answer 6

1. Self-renewing

2. Daughter cell can give rise to differentiated cells

Question 7

Source of endothelial progenitor cells that end up making blood vessels

Answer 7

Umbilical Vein

Question 8

Gelatinous material in umbilical cord that contains mesenchymal stem cells

Answer 8

Wharton’s Jelly

Question 9

Made by genetic reprogramming of adult cells

Answer 9

Induced pleuripotent stem cells (iPS)

Question 10

Type of stem cell which gave birth to Dolly (adult somatic nucleus in egg cytoplast)

Answer 10

Ovasome/Nuclear Transport Stem Cell

Question 11

Egg cells that have been tricked into thinking they were fertilized

Answer 11

Parthenote stem cells

Question 12

What a cell will become in the course of normal development

Answer 12

Cell Fate

Question 13

Range of cell types a stem cell can become

Answer 13

Potency

Question 14

Locking in of a cell to a certain fate

Answer 14

Determination

Question 15

Cell goes into a specific developmental program to become a particular cell type

Answer 15

Differentiation

Question 16

Succession of changes that take place in an organism as a fertilized egg gives rise to an adult plant or animal

Answer 16

Development

Question 17

Essential Processes for creating a multicellular organism

Answer 17

Cell proliferation
Cell specialization
Cell-cell interaction
Cell movement

Question 18

Cause of position-dependent cell differentiation

Answer 18

Morphogen gradient

Question 19

Cause of different fates in cells despite having the same genome

Answer 19

Differential gene expression

Question 20

Mechanisms of inductive signaling

Answer 20

Diffusion, direct contact, gap junctions

Question 21

Adjacent cells compete to adapt primary character by delivering inhibitory signals to one another

Answer 21

Lateral inhibition

Question 22

Degraded during epithelial to mesenchymal transition

Answer 22

E-cadherin

Question 23

Transplantation wherein same person is the donor and recipient

Answer 23

Autologous transplantation

Question 24

Type of transplantation in kidney, heart, liver transplants, etc.

Answer 24

Allogenic transplantation

Question 25

Cross-species donors and recipients

Answer 25

Xenotransplantation