Protein Synthesis and the Genetic Code

Question 0

Term for multiple codons being able to code for a single amino acid

Answer 0

Dengeneracy

Question 1

Three-letter code that specifies one amino acid

Answer 1

Codon

Question 2

A particular codon can code for one amino acid

Answer 2

Unambiguous

Question 3

Substances which catalyze recognition and attachment of tRNA to a certain amino acid

Answer 3

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase

Question 4

Part of the tRNA where amino attached

Answer 4

3’ acceptor arm

Question 5

Recognition site on tRNA for aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase

Answer 5

D-site

Question 6

Southern pole of tRNA which makes it specific for a certain amino acid

Answer 6

Anticodon loop

Question 7

Initiation factors involved in dissociation step

Answer 7

eIF-3, eIF-1A

Question 8

Binds to GTP in the preinitiation complex

Answer 8

eIF-2; which forms a complex to bind with mettRNA

Question 9

Prokaryotic equivalent of the 5’-methylguanosyl triphosphate cap

Answer 9

Shine-Dalgarno Sequence

Question 10

Parts of eIF-4F complex

Answer 10

eIF-4E: recognizes 5’ cap
eIF-4G: stabilizes the strucutre
eIF-4A and 4B: melts secondary structure of cap

Question 11

Mechanism by which eIF-4A and 4B melt 5’ cap

Answer 11

ATP-helicase activity; breaks H-bonds

Question 12

Purines at -3 and +4 of the AUG start codon

Answer 12

Kozak sequence

Question 13

Hydrolyzes the GTP bound to eIF-2 to allow formation of 80S initiation complex

Answer 13

eIF-5

Question 14

Enzyme which facilitates elongation phase

Answer 14

Peptidyl transferase

Question 15

Releasing factor which recognizes UAA, UAG

Answer 15

eRF-1

Question 16

Releasing factor which recognizes UAA, UGA

Answer 16

eRF-2

Question 17

Releasing factor which binds GTP

Answer 17

eRF-3