STDs Flashcards
What are the 5 Ps of STDs
Partners, Practices, Prevention of pregnancy, Protection from STIs, PMH of STIs
What infection causes a chancroid
H. Ducreyi, gram negative bacillus
What is a well established cofactor in HIV transmission
Chancroid
S/S in women and men with chanchroids
W: asymptomatic
M: Single or multiple painful lesions surrounded by an erthematous halo
How to diagnose and treat a chancroid
D: morphologically
T: Azithromycin x1 po OR Ceftriaxone OR cipro
What is the most common bacterial STI in the US
Chlamydia
S/s of Chlamydia in men and women
M: asymptomatic or dysuria, thick/cloudy drainage, testicular pain, rectal tensemus
W: asymptomatic or dyuria, spotting, postcoital bleeding, dyspareunia
Diagnostic and Treatment of Chlamydia
D: NAAT screen done by a swab.
T: Doxy OR Azithromycin OR Levofloxacin
What happens to untreated Gonorrhea in men and women
M: epididmyitis and infertility
W: PID, Fallopian tube damage, infertility/ectopic pregnancy
Can Gonorrhea be transmitted from mother to baby
Yes during childbirth
S/S of males and females with Gonorrhea
M: Dyuria, testicular pain, white/yellow/Green drainage
W: Dysuria, frequency, green mucopurluent drainage labial pain
Diagnostics and treatment of Gonorrhea
D: NAAT with urine or cervical/urethral culture
Tx: Ceftriaxone IM (Can add doxycycline if chlamydia is not ruled out), OR Gentamycin OR Azithromycin
Differentiate HSV 1 and 2
1: lips, face, mucosa
2: Genitalia
Which is more common HSV1 or 2
HSV 1
S/s of HSV 1 and HSV2
1: painful blisters triggered by stress, lack of sleep, sunlight, cold weather, hormonal changes
2: headache, fever, body aches, malaise, joint pain, triggered by infections, periods, stress
Genital lesions are often painful, itching, burning blisters or ulcers
What is the herpes prodromal
Tingling or burning in the area where lesions will develop
Notified during urination
Itching or discomfort in the genital areas
Testing and treatment for HSV
NAAT or culture from lesion
Tx: symptomatic Abreva for HSV1 to shorten healing time, Acyclovir, Famciclovir, or Valcyclovir
What organism causes syphilis
Treponemum Pallidum
Differentiate the primary, secondary, latent, and tertiary stages of syphilis
P: Chancre present at sight of infection 3 weeks after exposure, painless, regional lymphadenopathy
S: 2-8 weeks after infection, flue like symptoms, generalized lymphadenopathy, generalized maculopapular rash on [palms and soles of feet
L: Seropositive but asymptomatic
T: Leukoplakia, cardiac insufficiency, infiltrative tumors, CNS involvement
Testing for syphilis
Non-treponeamal testing: VDRL or RPR
Confirmed with treponemal testing TP-PA, FTA-ABS, or CIAs
Treatment for each stage of syphilis
Primary/Secondary: Penicillin G
Latent: PCN G
PCN Allergy use doxy or tetracycline
What is vulvovaginitis
Inflammation of the vulva d/t bacteria, Protozoa, or fungi
S/S of Trichomoniasis vulvovaginitis
Malodorous, frothy yellow/green drainage, puritis, erythema, petechiae, dysuria
Bacterial vaginitis symptoms
Watery/gray drainage, fishy odor, vaginal spotting
Candidiasis symptoms
Thick white curd like discharge, erythema, Pruritis
Trichomoniasis treatment
Metronidazole or Tinadazole
SE: GI upset
Do not drink with it
Bacterial Vaginosis treatment
Metronidazole OR clindamycin
Candidiasis treatment
Clotrimazole, miconazole, OR
oral fluconazole
What is the ideal viral load in HIV
<200
What vaccines should HIV patients get
Hep B, influenza, PNA, TDAP
Trichomoniasis testing
Wet prep
