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Final Exam Prep > Legal And Ethical > Flashcards

Legal And Ethical Flashcards

1
Q

What grade level should all health care material be written at

A

No higher than 6th to 8th grade

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2
Q

Who lays out accreditation guidelines

A

Joint commission

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3
Q

Who clays out National Patient SAfety Goals and areas of concern for health care professionals in accredited institutions

A

Joint Comission

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4
Q

What are institutional Bylaws

A

Rules laid out by the institution that may provide further qualifications and restrictions on the role of healthcare staff

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5
Q

What pain assessment tool is best for nonverbal or foreign speaking patients

A

Wan baker FACES scale

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6
Q

Explain CPOT

A

Critical Care Pain Observation Tool
Facial expressions, body movements, muscle tension, compliance to vent
0-8

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7
Q

Explain CAM ICU

A

Confusion assessment
Mental Status change, inattention, disorganized thinking, altered LOC
Preformed daily

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8
Q

Explain the Katz index of ADLs

A

Assess the progression of an illness and need for care
Assess Bathing, dressing, toileting, transferring, continence, and feeding

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9
Q

Explain the Get up and GO test

A

Fall risk measurement
1-5 5being severely abnormal
>3 indicates a risk for falls

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10
Q

Absolute contraindication to balloon pump

A

AI

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11
Q

Who is Tai Chi particularity useful for

A

Parkinson’s

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12
Q

Does healing touch involve touching the patient

A

No

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13
Q

Differentiate the beginning, experienced, and specialist in nursing informatics

A

Beginner: Computer literacy, information management, ability to use patient care tech
Experienced: Skilled in information managment and new trends in specific area of practice
Specialist: Advanced information preparation, assist other nurses, conduct research and theory development

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14
Q

What is Benchmarking and its four core principals, benefits, and examples

A

Comparison and measurement of a healthcare organizations services against other health care agencies
Benefits: Share best practices, understand where you rank
Principals: maintain quality, customer satisfaction, safety, improvement

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15
Q

What is required for magnet status

A

A formalized systemic peer review nursing practice

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16
Q

Explain the FIFE model

A

Feelings
Ideas
Functioning
Expectations
A tool to improve patient and NP communication

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17
Q

Advanced directive

A

Written statement of a patients intent regarding medical treatment

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18
Q

Patient Self Determination Act

A

Requires all patients entering a hospital to be advised of their right to execute an advanced directive

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19
Q

Healthcare Directive

A

Type of advanced directive that may include a living will or specify a durable power of attorney

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20
Q

Living will

A

Compilation of statements that specify which life prolonging measures one does or does not want if he or she becomes incapacitated

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21
Q

Durable power of attorney

A

Also called a health care proxy
Responsible for articulating the patients advanced directive

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22
Q

What came out of title I HIPPA

A

Health insurance coverage for workers and families when they change jobs (COBRA) Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act

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23
Q

What came out of Title II of HIPPA

A

Administrative simplification provisions and confidentiality

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24
Q

Who is allowed to view the patient health record

A

With a patients family, friends, relatives, or others that the PATIENT IDENTIFIES as being involved with their healthcare or billing

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25
Q

Duty to Warn

A

Supersedes right of confidentiality if a patients condition may harm themselves or others

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26
Q

When initiating change where is it best to start

A

Local then progress outward

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27
Q

What is treated first medical or psych conditions

A

Medical

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28
Q

What is the strongest method to evaluate teaching

A

Return demonstration

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29
Q

What is a tertiary facility

A

Full range of services

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30
Q

What are the 3 Le Fort skull fractures

A

1: floating palate
2: Floating maxilla
3: Floating face

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31
Q

What is the most powerful data collected from a patient.

A

Subjective

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32
Q

What are the two main goals of Health People 2030

A

Increase quality and years of life
Eliminate health disparities

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33
Q

What are the 6 mandated reporting diagnoses

A

Gonorrhea, Chlamydia, Syphilis, HIV, TB, Covid-19 b

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34
Q

The American Nurses Association Nursing: A social policy statement

A

Described collaboration where everyone shares power, goals, responsibilities

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35
Q

Social Services vs Psych services

A

Psych is mental health diagnosis and management
Social: All social needs

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36
Q

PT vs OT

A

PT strength
OT Speech and fine motor skills

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37
Q

Palliative care

A

Improve quality of life in those facing life threatening illness
palliative care can coincide with treatment

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38
Q

Who sets the standard for reimbursement and cutting costs

A

Medicare

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39
Q

Differentiate between Problem focused, expanded problem focused, detailed, and comprehensive physical exam

A

Problem focused: exam affected site only
Expanded problem focused: exam of faceted site and other related body systems
Detailed: an extended exam of the affected site or organs and other related organs
Comprehensive: Everything

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40
Q

Differentiate Medicare A, B, C, and D

A

A: Inpatient, skilled nursing, home health, and hospice
B: NP services, outpatient, patient has copay
C: A and B can receive all care through one the the provider organizations
D: Drugs, patient has copay

41
Q

How much does Medicare reimburse the NP

A

85% of physician fee

42
Q

What is incident to billing

A

Allows the practice to be reimbursed 100%. Can be billed under physician provider number. Not allowed in hospital setting

43
Q

Who is Medicaid for

A

Low income families and individuals

44
Q

What does case management do

A

Mobilize, monitor, and control resources that a patient uses during a course of an illness to balance quality and cost

45
Q

What is quality assurance/improvement/continuous

A

A process of monitoring, evaluating, reviewing, and improving the quality of care.

46
Q

Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN)

A

Initiative aimed at providing future nurse with the knowledge, skills, and attitude necessary to ensure continuous improvement in quality and safety

47
Q

QI steps are outlined by who

A

Joint Comssion

48
Q

Critical Path

A

Key patient care activities and time frames for these activities which are needed fora specific case type or diagnosis

49
Q

Care Map

A

Blueprint for managing care delivered by all disciplines
Monitoring outcomes

50
Q

Root cause analysis

A

Identify prevention strategies to ensure safety
Asking Why

51
Q

Sentinel Event

A

Unexpected occurrences involving death or serious physical or psych injury or risk of

52
Q

What is the NP scope determined by

A

Individual state board nurse practice acts

53
Q

Who dictates the level of prescriptive authority

A

State board of nursing

54
Q

Who dictates that an NP can prescribe

A

DEA

55
Q

What does credentialing encompass

A

Required education, licensure, and certification to practice
MINIMAL levels of acceptable performance

56
Q

What does licensure establish

A

Person is qualified to perform in a particular professional role
Granted by State board of nursing

57
Q

What is certification

A

Person has met certain standard s in a partifcular profession signifying mastery
AACN
ANCC

58
Q

What is credentialing granted by

A

Hospital credentialing committee

59
Q

Quantitative vs Qualitative futility

A

Quantitative: # of interventions unlikely to produce benefit
Qualitative: Quality of life will not improve with interventions

60
Q

Nonmaleficence

A

Do no harm

61
Q

Utilitarianism

A

The right act is the one that produces the greatest good for the greatest number of people

62
Q

Beneficence

A

The duty to prevent harm and promote good

63
Q

Justice

A

The duty to be fair

64
Q

Fidelity

A

The duty to be faithful

65
Q

Veracity

A

The duty to be truthful

66
Q

When did NP role develop

A

1960s in pediatrics

67
Q

Non experimental vs experimental design

A

NE: usually includes two broad descriptive categories of research no actual experiment
EL Includes manipulation of a variable and utilizes randomization and a control group

68
Q

What is an Ex post facto design

A

In the past correlational research, examines relationship amongst variables

69
Q

Cross sectional

A

Observational study that examines a population with a very similar attribute but differs in one specific variable “surveys”

70
Q

Cohort

A

Observational study the can be retrospective or prospective that compares a particular outcome in groups of individuals who are alike but differ in a particular characteristic

71
Q

Longitudinal

A

Multiple measurements of a group over an extended period of time

72
Q

Quasi experimental

A

Manipulation of variables but lacks a comparison group or randomization

73
Q

Qualitative

A

Open ended quaestions

74
Q

6 levels of evidence hierarchy starting from the highest

A

1: Meta analysis of RCTs, 2. RCTs, 3. Quasi-experimental, 4. Qualitative cohort, 5. Case controlled, 6. Editorial

75
Q

PICOT

A

Framework to answer a clinical based question: Patient, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Timing

76
Q

Type one vs Type two research error

A

Type 1: false positive, Type 2: False negative

77
Q

Meta anaylsis vs Meta synthesis

A

MA: quantitative MS: Qualitative

78
Q

Confidence interval

A

A interval that specifies that probability. A small probability interval implies a very precise range of values

79
Q

Standard deviation

A

Average amount of deviation of values from the mean

80
Q

Level of significance

A

Dictates statistical significance between two groups. The probability of false rejection of the null hypothesis. p<0.05 means the experimental and the control group are statically different

81
Q

Perfect correlation e

A

A measure that dictates correlation between two variables. +1 means a positive correlation

82
Q

T-Test

A

Test to evaluate the difference in means between two groups

83
Q

Reliability vs validity

A

R: consistency. V: accuracy

84
Q

Liability

A

Responsibility that in NP has for actions that fail to meet the standard of care

85
Q

Negligence

A

Failure of an individual to do what a reasonable person would do

86
Q

Malpractice

A

Failure of a profession to render services to the degree that another member of the same profession in similar circumstances would do.

87
Q

Assault vs battery

A

A: creation of apprehension or threat, B: striking of a person

88
Q

Libel vs slander

A

L: Written defamation. S: verbal defamation

89
Q

Sensitivity vs specificity

A

Sensitivity: True positive. Specificity: true negative

90
Q

Incidence vs prevalence

A

I: frequency. P: proportion

91
Q

Primordial, Primary, Secondary, and Teritiary prevention

A

Primordial: begins in childhood, prevent risk factors. Primary: modifying risk factors (immunizations/vaccines), Secondary: early identification and treatment. Tertiary: Rehab

92
Q

What is the Goal of Culturally and Linguistic Appropriate Services (CLAS)

A

Eliminate racial and ethnic health disparities and improve health for all American s

93
Q

What incidences demand reporting

A

HIV, COVID, syphilis, chlamydia, TB, Gun shot wounds, animal bites

94
Q

What kind of visits does Medicare not cover

A

Well visits not related to a specific disease

95
Q

Screenings are what kind of prevention

A

Secondary

96
Q

What does Medicaid pay?

A

After 3rd party or other insurance

97
Q

What does incident to billing cover

A

Only basic services like height and weight

98
Q

When ending a patient interaction what is not required

A

Referral to another provider

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