Statistical testing Flashcards
Unrelated design (Independant design)
C
M
U
- Chi-squared
- Mann-whitney
- Unrelated T-Test
Related Design (Repeated measures)
S
W
R
- Sign Test
- Wilcoxon
- Related T-test
Test of association or Correlation
C
S
P
Chi-squared
Spearmans’s Rho
Pearson’s R
Ordinal data
example mean
M
W
S
Mann-whitney
Wilcoxon
Spearman’s Rho
Nominal Data
Chi-squared
Sign Test
Interval data
U
R
P
Unrealted T-Test
Related T-Test
Pearson’s R
Mnemoic
Carrots should come Mashed With Swede Under Roast Potatoes
N =Carrots Should Come
O = Mashed With Swede
I = Under Roast Potatoes
Unrelated design
- Chi-squared
- Man whitney
- Unrelated T-test
Related design
- Sign test
- Wilcoxon
- Related
Test of association or correlation
- Chi-squared
- Spearmans rho
- Pearson’s R
Type I error
If significance level is too lenient e.g 0.1 (10%) it can result in the null hypothesis being rejected when it is the case (optimistic error or a false positive) as the researcher claims to have found a significant difference/correlation when one does not exist.
A Type II error
If significance level is too stringent e.g. 0.01 (1%), it is possible that is the null hypothesis will be accepted when in fact it is false (pessimistic error or a false negative).
Define what is meant by the critical value
Step one of sign test
State the hypothesis.
- If hypothesis is directional = One tailed test
- If hypothesis is non-directional = Two tailed test
Step two of sign test
Record the data and workout the sign where the pair of data is (+) or (-)
Find calculated value
S is found by calculated by adding up the pulses and adding up the minuses and selecting the smaller value.
S= calculate value
Step 4 of sign test
Find cirtical value of S
- N = total number of scores (Ignore all zeros)
Then use table of critical values and locate column 0.05
Step 5 of the sign test
If the hypothesis is directional check that the result is expected direction
What is nominal data?
Nominal level data is frequency or count data that consists of the number of participants falling into categorie
what is ordinal data?
data which is placed into some kind of order or scale.
What is interval data?
data measured in fixed units with equal distance between points on the scale.
if the data is nominal and independent what test is used?
chi-squared
if the data is nominal and repeated what test should be used?
isign test
if the test is ordinal and testing for correlation?
it is spearman’s rho
if the rest is testing for difference and repeated measured what test should be used
Wilcoxon
if the data is ordinal and independent groups what test should we use?
Mann-whitney
If the test is interval/parametric and has a correlation what test would you use?
Pearson’s r
If the test is interval/parametric and has a test of difference and repeated measures design?
Related t-test
If the test is interval/parametric and has a independent groups design?
un-related t-test
