Multi-store model Flashcards

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1
Q

What was the first model of Memory?

A

The Multi- store Model

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2
Q

What is a stimulus?

A

Any object or event that elicits a sensory or behavioral response in an organism.

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3
Q

What is the Duration for LTM?

A

Up to a lifetime.

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4
Q

What is the capcity for LTM?

A

Unlimited.

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5
Q

Who designed MSM and when was it introduced?

A

Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin in 1968.

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6
Q

What are the case studies of the MSM?

A

Shallice and Warrington - about a person referred to as ‘Kf’ who recieved brain damage from a motorcyle accident.

Peterson and Peterson (1959) - To test how long STM lasts when rehearsal is prevented.

Bahrick (1975) - To establish the existence of a very long-term (VLTM) and to see whether there was any difference between recognition and recall.

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7
Q

Define long-term memory (LTM)

A

Your memory of events that have occured in the past. This lasts anywhere from 2 minutes to 100 years.

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8
Q

Define sensory register

A

The place where information is held at each of the senses.

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9
Q

Define short-term memory (STM)

A

Your memory for immediate events. STM is measured in seconds and minutes. They dissapear unless rehearsed.

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10
Q

Define Capcity

A

The measure of how much can be held in memory. Usually represented as numbers.

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11
Q

Define Duration

A

A measure of how long a memory lasts before it is no longer avaliable.

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12
Q

What are the 5 components of the sensory register?

A
  • Echoic store (Sound)
  • Haptic store (Touch)
  • Iconic store (Visual)
  • Gustatory store (Taste)
  • Olfactory store (Smell)
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13
Q

What are the components (stores) of the sensory register?

A

Echoic store, Haptic store, Iconic store, Gustatory and Olfactory store.

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14
Q

What is the capcity of the SR?

A

Very large - info is unprocessed, highly detailed, ever-changing.

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15
Q

What is the duration of the SR?

A

The duration is limited, but varies not only between stores, but within stores depending on the type of info held.

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16
Q

What is the coding of the STM?

A

Main type of coding is thought to be acoustic, but other codes do exist too. (Baddeley study effects of acoustic and semantic encoding.)

17
Q

What is the capcity of STM?

A

Limited capcity of between 5-9 items.

18
Q

What is the duration of STM?

A

Up to a maximum of 30 seconds - can be extended through rehearsal (Maitnence rehearsal) of information.

19
Q

What is Maitnence rehearsal?

A

The repetition of information that keeps it in STM by constantly rehearsing it. This does not lead to transfer of LTM.

20
Q

How does the MSM work?

A

Information is detected by the senses and enters the sensory register. If attended the information enters the short term memory. Information from the short-term memory is transferred to the long-term memory only if that information is rehearsed.