Multi-store model Flashcards
What was the first model of Memory?
The Multi- store Model
What is a stimulus?
Any object or event that elicits a sensory or behavioral response in an organism.
What is the Duration for LTM?
Up to a lifetime.
What is the capcity for LTM?
Unlimited.
Who designed MSM and when was it introduced?
Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin in 1968.
What are the case studies of the MSM?
Shallice and Warrington - about a person referred to as ‘Kf’ who recieved brain damage from a motorcyle accident.
Peterson and Peterson (1959) - To test how long STM lasts when rehearsal is prevented.
Bahrick (1975) - To establish the existence of a very long-term (VLTM) and to see whether there was any difference between recognition and recall.
Define long-term memory (LTM)
Your memory of events that have occured in the past. This lasts anywhere from 2 minutes to 100 years.
Define sensory register
The place where information is held at each of the senses.
Define short-term memory (STM)
Your memory for immediate events. STM is measured in seconds and minutes. They dissapear unless rehearsed.
Define Capcity
The measure of how much can be held in memory. Usually represented as numbers.
Define Duration
A measure of how long a memory lasts before it is no longer avaliable.
What are the 5 components of the sensory register?
- Echoic store (Sound)
- Haptic store (Touch)
- Iconic store (Visual)
- Gustatory store (Taste)
- Olfactory store (Smell)
What are the components (stores) of the sensory register?
Echoic store, Haptic store, Iconic store, Gustatory and Olfactory store.
What is the capcity of the SR?
Very large - info is unprocessed, highly detailed, ever-changing.
What is the duration of the SR?
The duration is limited, but varies not only between stores, but within stores depending on the type of info held.
What is the coding of the STM?
Main type of coding is thought to be acoustic, but other codes do exist too. (Baddeley study effects of acoustic and semantic encoding.)
What is the capcity of STM?
Limited capcity of between 5-9 items.
What is the duration of STM?
Up to a maximum of 30 seconds - can be extended through rehearsal (Maitnence rehearsal) of information.
What is Maitnence rehearsal?
The repetition of information that keeps it in STM by constantly rehearsing it. This does not lead to transfer of LTM.
How does the MSM work?
Information is detected by the senses and enters the sensory register. If attended the information enters the short term memory. Information from the short-term memory is transferred to the long-term memory only if that information is rehearsed.
