Stasis Ulcers Flashcards

1
Q

What is the typical history associated with stasis ulcers?

A

Chronic leg swelling and heaviness. History of varicose veins or previous deep vein thrombosis. Symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency.

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2
Q

What are the key physical examination findings in stasis ulcers?

A

Shallow, irregularly shaped ulcers over the medial malleolus. Surrounding skin may be hyperpigmented and thickened. Edema and varicosities often present.

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3
Q

What investigations are necessary for diagnosing stasis ulcers?

A

Clinical diagnosis based on history and physical exam. Doppler ultrasound to assess venous insufficiency. Ankle-brachial index (ABI) to rule out arterial disease.

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4
Q

What are the non-pharmacological management strategies for stasis ulcers?

A

Leg elevation and compression therapy. Regular wound care and dressings. Lifestyle modifications: weight management and exercise.

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5
Q

What are the pharmacological management options for stasis ulcers?

A

Topical dressings to promote healing (e.g., hydrocolloids, alginates). Antibiotics if secondary infection is present. Venous ablation procedures for refractory cases.

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6
Q

What are the red flags to look for in stasis ulcers patients?

A

Rapidly enlarging or non-healing ulcers. Signs of infection: increased redness, warmth, and purulent discharge. Severe pain or arterial insufficiency signs.

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7
Q

When should a patient with stasis ulcers be referred to a specialist?

A

Refractory or severe stasis ulcers not responding to conservative treatment. Consideration for surgical intervention. Need for specialized wound care or vascular evaluation.

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8
Q

What is one key piece of pathophysiology related to stasis ulcers?

A

Chronic venous insufficiency leading to increased pressure in the veins. Causes leakage of fluid and blood cells into surrounding tissues, resulting in ulcer formation.

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