Starch, Cellulose, Glycogen Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

What two polysaccharides make up starch and how do they differ?

A

Amylose- straight and unbranched chain which forms a coil.
Amylopectin- Long branched chain, side branches allow enzymes that break down the molecule to easily access the glycosidic bonds. (Means glucose released quickly)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Name important properties of starch

A

Insoluble in water and doesn’t affect water potential, so water can’t enter cells(osmosis) and make cell swell. This makes it good for storage.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How can you test for starch?

A

Add Iodine dissolved in potassium iodide solution, if starch is present the sample turns from browny-orange colour to blue-black.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Starch is the main …. ….. material in …….

A

Starch is the main energy storage material in plants.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Glycogen is the main ….. ….. material in …….

A

Glycogen is the main energy storage material in Animals.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are starch and glycogen both polysaccharides of?

A

Alpha-glucose.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe the structure of Glycogen

A

Similar to Amylopectin but more side branches meaning glucose is released quickly (important for energy release in animals).
Also very COMPACT molecule so good for storage.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe the structure of cellulose

A

molecules arranged in 180 degree rotations.
H cross linkages=strong
H bonds form microfibrils = structural support for plant cell walls.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe the structure of starch

A

Amylose (straight, helical,compact,)glycosidic bonding on Carbons 1-4
Amylopectin (branched )
glycosidic bonding on Carbons 1-4 and 1-6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly