More Biological Molecules- 1B Flashcards
What are DNA and RNA both types of?
Nucleic acid
What is DNA used for?
Storing genetic information.
What is genetic information?
All the instructions an organism needs to grow and develop
What is RNA used for?
Transferring genetic information from the DNA to the ribosomes.
Describe the relation of ribosomes and RNA?
RNA transfers DNA to the ribosomes which read the RNA to make polypeptides in a process called translation.
What are ribosomes themselves made of?
RNA and proteins.
What is a nucleotide made up of?
A pentose sugar
A nitrogen containing base
A phosphate group
Name the sugar in DNA
Deoxyribose
Fully name the 4 bases in DNA
Adenine
Thymine
Cytosine
Guanine
Name the sugar in RNA
Ribose
Name the 4 bases in RNA
Adenine
Uracil
Cytosine
Guanine
Define a polynucleotide
A polymer of nucleotides.
Name the bond between the two phosphates and the pentose sugar?
Phosphodiester
consisting of 2ester bonds and the phosphate group
What structure is DNA found in?
Double helix
What type of bonding is there between the bases?
Hydrogen bonding