Standard Precautions, Cleaning & Chain of Infection

Question 1

the opening where an infectious agent enters the host’s body such as mucous membranes, open wounds or tubes inserted in body cavities like urinary catheters or feeding tubes

Answer 1

Portal of Entry

Question 2

should always be worn if there is a risk of exposure to bodily fluids such as urine, blood, cysts, pus, etc.

Answer 2

Gloves

Question 3

sexually transmitted illnesses (STI’s)

Answer 3

Contact

Question 4

the place where the microorganism resides, thrives and reproduces (food, water, toilet seat, elevator buttons, etc.)

Answer 4

Reservoir

Question 5

human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Answer 5

Blood Borne Transmission

Question 6

a hard-plastic container that is used to safely dispose of needles and other sharp objects; always log removal in a facility log book

Answer 6

Sharps Container

Question 7

process of destroying pathogens on surfaces

Answer 7

Disinfection

Question 8

set of infection control practices used to prevent transmission of diseases that can be acquired by contact with blood, body fluids, non-intact skin and mucous membranes (treat everyone as if they are infected)

Answer 8

Standard Precautions

Question 9

sterile; eliminates all organisms, both pathogenic and non-pathogenic, including spores

Answer 9

Surgical Asepsis

Question 10

can be used in lieu of washing with soap and water if hands are not visibly soiled

Answer 10

Alcohol Based Rub

Question 11

any microorganism that can cause a disease

Answer 11

Infection Agent (disease)

Question 12

a person who is at risk for developing an infection from the disease

Answer 12

Susceptible Host (disease in new host)

Question 13

-all items must be thoroughly cleaned to be processed and placed in open positions -different types of metal cannot be processed together -carbon steel must be wrapped in special towels to prevent oxidation that can occur if contact is made with stainless-steel autoclave trays -sterilization indicator must be used to ensure sterility is achieved

Answer 13

Autoclaving

Question 14

the place where the organism leaves the reservoir, such as the respiratory tract (nose, mouth), intestinal tract (rectum), urinary tract or blood and other bodily fluids

Answer 14

Portal of Exit

Question 15

destruction of all pathogens and their spores

Answer 15

Sterilization

Question 16

use 70% solution to clean a patient’s skin for skin preparation

Answer 16

Alcohol

Question 17

the neutralization or removal of dangerous substances or germs from an area, object or person; should be done in exam room after each patient visit -a 1:10 solution of bleach and water should be used to clean up urine or blood that has been spilled on the floor

Answer 17

Decontamination

Question 18

the means by which an organism transfers from one carrier to another

Answer 18

Mode of Transmission

Question 19

a way of gathering the information needed to interrupt or prevent an epidemic; each of the links in the chain must be favorable to the organism for the epidemic to continue; breaking any link can disrupt the epidemic Six Links -Infectious Agent (disease) -Reservoir -Portal of Exit -Mode of Transmission -Portal of Entry -Susceptible Host (disease in new host)

Answer 19

Chain of Infection

Question 20

influenza, measles, tuberculosis

Answer 20

Airborne Transmission

Question 21

clean; reduces or inhibits number and growth of microorganisms

Answer 21

Medical Asepsis

Question 22

reduces the number of microbes (make something extremely clean)

Answer 22

Sanitization

Question 23

-immune system -skin -mucous membranes -tears -stomach acids

Answer 23

Body’s Natural Barriers

Question 24

the absence of bacteria, viruses and other microorganisms

Answer 24

Asepsis