ST.6 Fertilisers N5 (CIS) Flashcards
What 3 elements are needed for plant growth?
The 3 elements needed for plant growth are potassium, phosphorus and nitrogen
What are fertilisers?
Fertilisers are substances which restore elements, essential for healthy plant growth, to the soil
What do ammonia and nitric acid do in fertilisers?
Ammonia and nitric acid are important compounds used to produce soluble, nitrogen-containing salts that can be used as fertilisers
What are the properties of ammonia?
Ammonia is a pungent, clear, colourless gas which dissolves in water to produce an alkaline solution
What happens when ammonia solutions react with acids
Ammonia solutions react with acids to form soluble salts:
ammonia solution + an acid → an ammonium salt + water
What is the ‘Haber Process’ used for?
The Haber Process is used to produce the ammonia required for fertiliser production
What is the eqution for the Haber Process?
N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇌ 2NH3(g)
What happens when the Haber Process is done at low temperatures?
At low temperatures, the forward reaction is too slow to be economical
What happens if you increase the temperature in the Haber Process
If the temperature is increased, the rate of reaction increases but, as the temperature increases, the reverse reaction becomes more dominant
Why are iron catalysts used in the Haber Process?
An iron catalyst is used to increase reaction rate
What is the starting material for commerical production of nitric acid?
Ammonia is the starting material for the commercial production of nitric acid
What does the Ostwald Process do?
The Ostwald process uses ammonia, oxygen and water to produce nitric acid
What type of catalyst is used in the Ostwald Process?
A platinum catalyst is used in this process
