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Chemistry > Feed The World N4 > Flashcards

Feed The World N4 Flashcards

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1
Q

Where do elements we are made of come from?

A

The food we eat

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2
Q

What percentage of oxygen are we?

A

65%

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3
Q

What percentage of hydrogen are we?

A

10%

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4
Q

What percentage of nitrogen are we?

A

3%

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5
Q

What percentage of calcium are we?

A

2%

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6
Q

What percentage of carbon are we?

A

18%

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7
Q

What percentage of phosphorus are we?

A

1%

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8
Q

What percentage of sulphur are we?

A

0.25%

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9
Q

What percentage of potassium are we?

A

0.35%

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10
Q

What percentage of other elements are we?

A

0.31%

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11
Q

What are carbohydrates needed for?

A

Energy

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12
Q

What is fibre needed for?

A

For healthy diet, food to pass through digestive system, prevents constipation and heart disease

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13
Q

What is protein needed for?

A

Cell growth and repair damaged tissues

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14
Q

What are lipids/fats and oils needed for?

A

Energy

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15
Q

What are vitamins needed for?

A

Vit K - helps blood clot
Vit C - prevents illness

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16
Q

What is water needed for?

A

Replacing urine, sweat and breathing out

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17
Q

What are carbohydrates made up from?

A

Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

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18
Q

What are the 2 main carbohydrates

A

Simple carbohydrates and complex carbohydrates

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19
Q

Explain starch and sugar

A

Starch is really long and complex but sugar is small and simple

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20
Q

What is a positive iodine test colour change?

A

Brown orange ~> purple/blue

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21
Q

What is a positive Benedict’s test colour change?

A

Bright blue ~> brick red

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22
Q

What does iodine test for?

A

Starch

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23
Q

What does Benedict’s test for?

A

Glucose, maltose, fructose

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24
Q

What is an insomer

A

Compound with the same molecular formula but different structure

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25
Q

Glucose and fructose are….?

A

Monosaccharides and insomers of eachother

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26
Q

Glucose and Fructose have a formula of..?

A

C6H12O6

27
Q

Maltose and Sucrose are….?

A

Disaccharides

28
Q

Maltose and Sucrose have a formula of…?

A

C12H22O11

29
Q

How is sucrose formed??

A

Condensation reaction when glucose and fructose combine?

30
Q

What is the formula of sucrose formation?

A

C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 ~> C12H22O11
+
H2O

31
Q

What’s the molecular formula of starch?

A

(C6H10O5)n

32
Q

What are the 4 main elements in our body?

A

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen

33
Q

What’s the most common compound in our body?

A

Water

34
Q

What is soluble and gets into the bloodstream quickly

A

Sugar

35
Q

What isn’t soluble and breaks down slowly into soluble sugars?

A

Starch

36
Q

Energy contents shown on food and drink are measured in??

A

KJ

37
Q

What is the colour change in a successful biuret test?

A

Light blue ~> lilac

38
Q

What does biuret test for?

A

Proteins

39
Q

What makes up your muscles?

A

Actin and myocin

40
Q

What makes up ligaments?

A

Elastin

41
Q

What are hair and nails made up from?

A

Keratin

42
Q

Skin contains…?

A

Collagen

43
Q

What controls blood and sugar levels

A

insulin

44
Q

What breaks our foods down?

A

Trypsin, Amylase

45
Q

What helps red blood cells carry oxygen around the body?

A

Haemolglobin

46
Q

Vitamins are..?

A

Organic compounds

47
Q

Minerals are…?

A

Inorganic compounds

48
Q

Vitamin C is needed for??

A

Healthy membrane, lack can cause scurvy, the source is citrus fruit

49
Q

What causes rickets and bendy bones

A

A lack of Vitamin D

50
Q

Where does Vitamin D come from

A

The sun

51
Q

Where can vitamin A be found?

A

Carrots and fatty foods such as fish and margarine

52
Q

A lack of vitamin A can cause?

A

Poor night vision

53
Q

What does Beri Beri and pellagra come from?

A

Lack of vitamin B

54
Q

What does Vitamin K do?

A

Helps your blood clot

55
Q

What can a lack of vitamin K cause?

A

Uncontrolled bleeding from tissues

56
Q

Which vitamin lowers the risk of cancer

A

Vitamin E

57
Q

Calcium keeps…..?

A

Teeth and bones strong

58
Q

Where is calcium found?

A

Dairy (milk and cheese)

59
Q

A lack of calcium can cause..?

A

Brittle bones

60
Q

Why is iron important?

A

Iron is needed for oxygen travelling around the body

61
Q

What’s an iron deficiency called?

A

Anemia

62
Q

Why is land for farming limited??

A

Areas are too cold, too hot, too dry, too salty, too acidic or too heavily populated

63
Q

What three elements are essential for plant growth

A

Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium

Chemistry (12 decks)

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