S.S. 4.1 (Grammatical categories vs. lexical categories)

Question 1

The lexical structure of a language

Answer 1

Its stock of words and expressions.
Established patterns of collocation.
Provide its speakers with ready-made ways of analysing and reporting experiences.

Question 2

Grammatical system

Answer 2

Factor determines the kind of distinctions we regularly make in reporting experience.

Question 3

Every language makes a different selection from a large set of possible distinctions in terms of notions such as

Answer 3

Time.
Number.
Gender, person.
Shape, visibility.
Proximity.
Animacy.

Question 4

What is grammar

Answer 4

Is a set of rules which determine the way in which units such as words and phrases can be combined in a language and the kind of info which has to be made regularly explicit in utterances.

Question 5

The grammatical system of a given language will determine

Answer 5

The ease with which certain notions such as time reference can be made explicit.

Question 6

The grammatical pattern of a language

Answer 6

Determines those aspects of each experience that must be expressed in the given language.

Question 7

Grammar organised along two main dimensions

Answer 7

Morphology.

Syntax.

Question 8

Morphology

Answer 8

The structure of words.

The morphological structure of a language determine the basic information which must be expressed in that language.

Question 9

Syntax

Answer 9

The grammatical structure of groups, clauses and sentences.

The syntactic structure imposes certain restrictions on the way messages may be organised.

Question 10

Choices in languages can be expressed in two way

Answer 10

Lexically (Open-ended sets of items).

Grammatically (closed systems or syntactically).

Question 11

Grammatical choices are more

Answer 11

Obligatory.

Question 12

Lexical choices are more

Answer 12

Optional.