Sports Psychology - Performance (self efficacy)

Question 1

Define the term self confidence

Answer 1

Self confidence is the belief you have about your ability to succeed

Question 2

Define the term self efficacy

Answer 2

Self efficacy is your self confidence (belief you have in yourself) in a specific situation

Question 3

Define the term self esteem

Answer 3

Self esteem is your feelings of self worth

Question 4

What is the difference between trait and state sports confidence?

Answer 4

Trait sports confidence = your innate level of self belief
State sports confidence = your self belief in a specific sporting situation

Question 5

Explain how sports confidence can affect:
- performance

Answer 5

If you have high sports confidence you will be more likely to achieve positive outcomes as you’ll be more skilful, successful, competitive and more likely to take risks
If you have a low sports confidence it will have a negative effect on performance because you won’t take risks and will be more worried so more likely to make a mistake

Question 6

Explain how sports confidence can effect participation

Answer 6

• If you have high sports confidence you’re more likely to participate as you want to try new activities.
• If you have low sports confidence you’re less likely to participate as you don’t want to look bad because you don’t think your good enough and don’t think you’ll succeed

Question 7

Explain how sports confidence can affect self esteem

Answer 7

• If you have high sports confidence you’re more likely to have a higher self esteem as you feel good about yourself and think your worthwhile because you believe you will succeed in what you do
• If you have low sports confidence you will have a lower self esteem as you won’t think your good enough

Question 8

Outline vealeys model of sports confidence

Answer 8

Question 9

What is meant by sporting context

Answer 9

Objective situation or current sports situation

Question 10

What is meant by SC trait

Answer 10

Innate/stable/overall level of self belief in sport

Question 11

What it meant by competitive orientation

Answer 11

The competitiveness/willingness to take on set goals

Question 12

What is meant by SC state

Answer 12

Level of self belief in a specific sporting situation

Question 13

What is SC state influenced by

Answer 13

The level of state sports confidence is influenced by trait sports confidence and competitive orientation

Question 14

What does high SC trait or competitive orientation lead to

Answer 14

More confident performer in a specific sporting situation

Question 15

What does SC state influence

Answer 15

Dictates the behaviour shown in the situation

Question 16

What does high SC state lead to

Answer 16

High state sports confidence leads to skillfull/successful performance

Question 17

What does low SC state lead to

Answer 17

Low state sports confidence lead to poor, low quality performance

Question 18

What is meant by subjective outcome

Answer 18

After the performance the individual will either feel satisfaction or disappointment.
The performers interpretation of the result

Question 19

What will happen if the subjective outcome is positive

Answer 19

Satisfaction will result in an increase trait confidence and increase competitive orientation

Question 20

What will happen if the subjective outcome is negative

Answer 20

Disappointment will decrease trait confidence and competitive orientation

Question 21

What happens after the subjective outcome

Answer 21

Previous outcomes will influence future SC state (positively or negatively)

Question 22

Outline Bandura’s theory of self efficacy

Answer 22

Question 23

What is meant by Performance accomplishments

Answer 23

Have you been successful in previous occasions

Question 24

What is meant by Vicarious experiences

Answer 24

Have you seen others of similar standard perform the same skill well

Question 25

What is meant by verbal persuasion

Answer 25

Do you get positive extrinsic feedback from a coach

Question 26

What is meant by emotional arousal

Answer 26

Are you at optimal levels of arousal

Question 27

What are the effects of these factors:
- Performance accomplishments
- Vicarious experiences
- Verbal persuasion
- Emotional arousal

Answer 27

They affect your efficacy expectations (wether you believe you will be successful or not), which in turn affects your performance

If you have higher self efficacy you are more likely to succeed

Question 28

Give an example of Bandura’s model of self efficacy

Answer 28

• For a footballer to have high self efficacy, they need to be reminded of successful previous performance accomplishments to show them that they can score the penalty
• If they have seen their teammate score before them, they will have higher belief that they can score also.
• If their coach praises them and tells them they can do it and they’re good enough, and has praised them previously for successes, they are more likely to believe they can score
• If they are at optimal arousal levels they’ll have more belief in themselves as they won’t be too worried.