Sports Psychology - Individual differences Flashcards
Anxiety
A negative effect of stress
Personality
The patterns and thoughts or feelings in the ways that we interact with other people and environment
Makes us unique
State anxiety
Anxiety felt in a particular situation
Type A and Type B
Type A: Inpatient, high levels of stress
Type B: Relaxed, lower levels of stress
Somatic anxiety
Anxiety experienced physiology or the body
Eg sweating
Cognitive anxiety
Anxiety experienced by the mind
Eg worrying about failing
Competitive state anxiet
Feeling nervous in competitive situations
Seeing them as threatening and feeling apprehensive towards them
Catharsis
The release of frustration
Leads to a feeling of well being
Theories of arousal
Drive theory
Inverted U theory
Catastrophe theory
How to reduce stress anxiety
Somatic and cognitive stress management techniques.
Aggression
Intent to harm outside the rules of. The sports event
Assertion
Forceful behaviour within the laws of the event
Instinct theory of aggression
- States that aggresdion is innate and it is natural to express it.
- Lorenz believed that this natural buildup of aggression needs to be released.
•Either through an anti social act or through a more acceptable behaviour - The theory has been discredited by other theories of aggression such as the frustration - aggression hypothesis
How to eliminate aggressive tendencies
- Control arousal levels with somatic and cognitive stress management techniques
- Avoid situations that initiate aggressive responses
Frustration - aggression - hypothesis
- A drive theory which stated that blocking goals can cause frustration to build up
- This can result in aggression, which leads to catharsis
- This theory seems to be valid if aggression is seen as a potential rather than an actual
