Sports Psychology

Question 1

Describe the process of Imagery, its effects and give a sporting example

Answer 1

Imagery is a mental or psychological technique in which the performer imagines or visualises themselves being successful in their performance. Through imagery, the performer may recreate a good past performance or may ‘make up’ a positive new experience,

(For example before taking a penalty a footballer might
picture the ball hitting the back of the net)

Question 2

Describe the process of mental rehearsal, its effects and give a sporting example

Answer 2

Mental rehearsal is where the performer pictures themselves executing a skill and practises the skill in their mind, focusing on the specific stages and correct technique.

(A trampolinist may mentally rehearse a backward
somersault before performing the move)

Question 3

Describe the effects of breathing control

Answer 3

When someone is anxious, they breathe from their upper chest. Breathing is rapid and shallow. Breathing control helps performers to breathe slowly and steadily from the diaphragm. This reduces anxiety.

Question 4

Explain why fitness testing is important in a fitness programme (3)

Answer 4

Compare with previous results/see progress (1) to
check training is working (1) to see if the programme
needs changing/targets need revising (1)

To see if they are improving (1) so that the individual
knows they are training hard enough/not training too
hard (1) otherwise the fitness benefits that were
expected will not occur. (1)

Question 5

Explain 2 ways in which mental rehearsal can improve performance

Answer 5

• Recalls previous successful performances,
  therefore improving confidence for performance
• Reduces negative thoughts/ anxiety, therefore
  improving focus on their upcoming performance