Muscular system

Question 1

Name 2 antagonistic muscle pairs

Answer 1

• Bicep and Triceps
• Quadriceps and Hamstrings
• Hip flexors and Gluteus maximus

Question 2

Describe the motion of plantarflexion

Answer 2

Moving your feet and toes away from you

Gastrocnemius contraction

Question 3

Describe the motion of dorsiflexion

Answer 3

Moving your feet towards you

Tibialis anterior contraction

Question 4

What are the three muscle types in the body?

Answer 4

• Smooth muscle – found in the internal organs and
  blood vessels - this is involuntary
• Cardiac muscle – found only in the heart - this is
  involuntary
• Skeletal muscle – attached to the skeleton - this is
  voluntary

Question 5

Describe the function of the deltoid, and give a sporting example

Answer 5

Shoulder abduction

Outwards motion in a jumping jack

Question 6

Describe the function of the biceps, and give a sporting example

Answer 6

Elbow flexion

Drawing a bow in archery

Question 7

Describe the functions of the pectoralis major, and give a sporting example

Answer 7

• Shoulder horizontal flexion
• Shoulder adduction

(Pushing up in a press up)

Question 8

Describe the function of the triceps, and give a sporting example

Answer 8

Elbow extension

Shooting in netball

Question 9

Describe the function of the external obliques, and give a sporting example

Answer 9

Trunk rotation (turning the body sideways)

Turning the body to breathe to the side when performing front crawl in swimming

Question 10

Describe the function of the latissumus dorsi, and give a sporting example

Answer 10

• Shoulder adduction
• Shoulder horizontal extension

(Butterfly stroke in swimming)

Question 11

Describe the function of the hip flexors, and give a sporting example

Answer 11

Hip flexion (moving knee towards chest)

Performing a rugby conversion kick

Question 12

Describe the function of the gluteus maximus, and give a sporting example

Answer 12

Hip extension (moving the leg backwards)

Pulling the leg back before kicking a ball

Question 13

Describe the function of the quadriceps, and give a sporting example

Answer 13

Knee extension

Kicking a ball

Question 14

Describe the function of the hamstrings, and give a sporting example

Answer 14

Knee flexion

Performing a hamstring curl on a weights machine

Question 15

Describe the function of the gastrocnemius, and give a sporting example

Answer 15

Plantarflexion

Pushing off in a sprint start

Question 16

Describe the function of the tibialis anterior, and give a sporting example

Answer 16

Dorsiflexion

lifting the foot to control a football