Sponge Test Flashcards
Cells in the sponge that keep the water circulating, and help gather food and pass it along are called collar cells or
Choanocytes
Sponges have what type of symbiotic relationship with juvenile shrimp, crabs, lobster, fish, and other marine organisms?
Commensalistic
Which contractile cells help to regulate the flow of water into and out of sponges?
Myocytes (porocytes)
What cells are found in sponges?
Myocytes (porocytes), archaeocytes (amebocytes), choanocytes
Digestion in a sponge occurs
Intracellularly in food vacuoles
Which of the following cells are responsible for producing the skeletal structures of the sponge?
Archaeocytes (amebocytes)
The internal cavity or inner chamber of the sponge is called the
Spongocoel
These are packets of 3 types of cells that can be produced by the parent sponge during times of climatic stress
Gemmules
Collapse of the canals and structure of a sponge is prevented by which of the following?
Skeletal structures or spicules
Water enters the sponge through a multitude of these tiny incurrent pores
Dermal ostia
Most common reproductive method employed by sponges?
Asexual budding
Which class of sponges contain spicules composed of calcium carbonate, which can be straight monoaxons, or 3 or 4 rayed
Calcarea (calcispongiae)
Body system sponges don’t have?
Nervous
The classes of the Porifera phylum are separated based on which of the following?
Skeletal structures or spicules
What’s the term which means “to have both sexes in one body?”
Monoecious (hermaphroditic)
Sponges feed on which of the following?
Plankton, detritus and bacteria
Bath sponges are found in which class?
Demospongiae
Which of the following cells are called the workhorses of the sponge?
Archaeocytes
Which of the following canal systems occurs in a majority of sponges?
Leuconoid
The loggerhead sponge is located in which class of sponges?
Demospongiae
The Venus flower basket is a member of which class?
Haxactinellida
The gelatinous non-living middle layer of connective tissue which acts as a filler between the outer protective cells, and the inner flagellated cells in the sponge
Mesohyl
Which of the following sponges attaches to living clams, oysters, and other shelled animals by dissolving the shell and forming a porous network?
Boring sponge
Why are sponges dependent on a current of water flowing through their bodies?
Food
Gas exchange
Sexual reproduction
What type of body system is the only true system found in sponges?
Skeletal
The class of sponges that contain six rayed skeletal structures of silicon
Hexactinellida
Sponge sex cells leave the sponge by way of the
Excurrent flow
Thin epithelial type cells that cover and protect the exterior and some interior surfaces in sponges
Pinacocytes
Main type of reproduction in sponges?
Asexual budding
Possible uses for sponge toxin?
To temper the rejection of organ transplant
To slow or stop growth of cancer cells
As an anti inflammatory
What phylum do sponges belong to?
Porifera
What type of water do sponges mainly inhabit?
Salt water
Are sponges symmetric?
No
What are Ostia?
Pores
What are the two layers of cells?
Epidermis and gastrodermis
Central cavity?
Spongocoel
What gives support to the sponge?
Spicules
What can spicules be made of?
Spongin
Silica
Calcium carbonate
What do sponges eat?
Detritus
Bacteria
Plankton
Currents of water are created by
Choanocytes
Can choanocytes digest food?
Yes but only a little bit
The rest of the undigested food is digested by what?
Amebocytes
Where does oxygen come in through on the sponge?
Ostia
What are the three methods of asexual reproduction?
Budding
Fragmentation
Gemmules
In sponges sexual fertilization is
Internal
