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Marine Science > Sponge Test > Flashcards

Sponge Test Flashcards

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1
Q

Cells in the sponge that keep the water circulating, and help gather food and pass it along are called collar cells or

A

Choanocytes

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2
Q

Sponges have what type of symbiotic relationship with juvenile shrimp, crabs, lobster, fish, and other marine organisms?

A

Commensalistic

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3
Q

Which contractile cells help to regulate the flow of water into and out of sponges?

A

Myocytes (porocytes)

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4
Q

What cells are found in sponges?

A

Myocytes (porocytes), archaeocytes (amebocytes), choanocytes

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5
Q

Digestion in a sponge occurs

A

Intracellularly in food vacuoles

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6
Q

Which of the following cells are responsible for producing the skeletal structures of the sponge?

A

Archaeocytes (amebocytes)

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7
Q

The internal cavity or inner chamber of the sponge is called the

A

Spongocoel

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8
Q

These are packets of 3 types of cells that can be produced by the parent sponge during times of climatic stress

A

Gemmules

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9
Q

Collapse of the canals and structure of a sponge is prevented by which of the following?

A

Skeletal structures or spicules

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10
Q

Water enters the sponge through a multitude of these tiny incurrent pores

A

Dermal ostia

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11
Q

Most common reproductive method employed by sponges?

A

Asexual budding

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12
Q

Which class of sponges contain spicules composed of calcium carbonate, which can be straight monoaxons, or 3 or 4 rayed

A

Calcarea (calcispongiae)

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13
Q

Body system sponges don’t have?

A

Nervous

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14
Q

The classes of the Porifera phylum are separated based on which of the following?

A

Skeletal structures or spicules

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15
Q

What’s the term which means “to have both sexes in one body?”

A

Monoecious (hermaphroditic)

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16
Q

Sponges feed on which of the following?

A

Plankton, detritus and bacteria

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17
Q

Bath sponges are found in which class?

A

Demospongiae

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18
Q

Which of the following cells are called the workhorses of the sponge?

A

Archaeocytes

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19
Q

Which of the following canal systems occurs in a majority of sponges?

A

Leuconoid

20
Q

The loggerhead sponge is located in which class of sponges?

A

Demospongiae

21
Q

The Venus flower basket is a member of which class?

A

Haxactinellida

22
Q

The gelatinous non-living middle layer of connective tissue which acts as a filler between the outer protective cells, and the inner flagellated cells in the sponge

A

Mesohyl

23
Q

Which of the following sponges attaches to living clams, oysters, and other shelled animals by dissolving the shell and forming a porous network?

A

Boring sponge

24
Q

Why are sponges dependent on a current of water flowing through their bodies?

A

Food
Gas exchange
Sexual reproduction

25
Q

What type of body system is the only true system found in sponges?

A

Skeletal

26
Q

The class of sponges that contain six rayed skeletal structures of silicon

A

Hexactinellida

27
Q

Sponge sex cells leave the sponge by way of the

A

Excurrent flow

28
Q

Thin epithelial type cells that cover and protect the exterior and some interior surfaces in sponges

A

Pinacocytes

29
Q

Main type of reproduction in sponges?

A

Asexual budding

30
Q

Possible uses for sponge toxin?

A

To temper the rejection of organ transplant
To slow or stop growth of cancer cells
As an anti inflammatory

31
Q

What phylum do sponges belong to?

A

Porifera

32
Q

What type of water do sponges mainly inhabit?

A

Salt water

33
Q

Are sponges symmetric?

A

No

34
Q

What are Ostia?

A

Pores

35
Q

What are the two layers of cells?

A

Epidermis and gastrodermis

36
Q

Central cavity?

A

Spongocoel

37
Q

What gives support to the sponge?

A

Spicules

38
Q

What can spicules be made of?

A

Spongin
Silica
Calcium carbonate

39
Q

What do sponges eat?

A

Detritus
Bacteria
Plankton

40
Q

Currents of water are created by

A

Choanocytes

41
Q

Can choanocytes digest food?

A

Yes but only a little bit

42
Q

The rest of the undigested food is digested by what?

A

Amebocytes

43
Q

Where does oxygen come in through on the sponge?

A

Ostia

44
Q

What are the three methods of asexual reproduction?

A

Budding
Fragmentation
Gemmules

45
Q

In sponges sexual fertilization is

A

Internal

Marine Science (12 decks)

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