Shark Test Flashcards
Some vertebrates are made of cartilage or
Bone
What are the largest group of vertebrates?
Fish
What are the types of marine fish?
Agnatha (jawless fish)
Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fish)
Osteichthyes (bony fish)
Examples of Agnatha:
Hagfish
Lampreys
Muscular circular mouth
Long, cylindrical body
Lack fins & scales
Agnatha
Feed on dead and dying fish (scavengers)
Live in burrows in soft sediments
Hagfishes
Parasites
Return to freshwater to breed
Lamprey
Examples of Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fish)
Sharks
Skates
Rays
Ratfish
Examples of Osteichthyes (bony fish):
Lobe-finned fishes
Ray-finned fishes
What fish are considered more advanced?
Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes
Characteristics of more advanced fish:
Highly efficient gills Scales Paired fins Many types of jaws Lateral line and other sensory organs Streamlined body
1000 species
5-7 gill slits
Spiraled
Claspers in males
Chondrichthyes
Openings on the head used to bring water directly in for respiration
Spiracles
Projections of the anal fin in makes used in copulation
Claspers
Why are the number of sharks decreasing?
Meat
Oil
Skin
Fins
Sensory organ used to detect electrical currents when sharks are close to an object
Organ of Lorenzini
Thin tissue that covers eye for protection
Nicticating membrane
Live birth
Vivipary
Lay egg cases
Ovipary
Internalized egg that hatches inside female before the young are expelled from the female
Ovovivipary
How many species of sharks?
350
Most sharks are? But some are
Carnivorous; planktonic
Prefer shallow, warm water
Will travel into fresh water
Short, blunt snout
7-11 ft
Bull shark
Stay in shallow water
Sand tiger shark
Prefer warm waters Aggressive 13-20 ft Use head to attack stingrays Good vision Ampullae of Lorenzini
Hammerhead shark
Largest fish in the sea (up to 40 ft)
Threatened
Filter feeder
Whale shark
Always have live birth
Pectoral fins expand into wings
Gill slits 5 pairs
Rays
Fleshy tail & no spine
Lay egg cases
Rat fishes
Skates
Are vertebrates
Marine fish
