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Marine Science > Cnidarians & Ctenophorans > Flashcards

Cnidarians & Ctenophorans Flashcards

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1
Q

What type of animals are most in the phylum Cnidaria?

A

Marine (jellyfish, coral, sea anemones, Portuguese man of war)

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2
Q

Hydras are found where?

A

Freshwater

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3
Q

In the phylum Cnidaria all have what?

A

Arm-like tentacles

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4
Q

Cnidarian a have what kind of symmetry?

A

Radial

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5
Q

Cnidarians have a single gut (gastrovascular cavity) that has a single opening that serves as what?

A

Both mouth and anus

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6
Q

The cnidarians have how many tissue layers?

A

2 (diploblastic)

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7
Q

The cnidarian has

A

An outer epidermis and inner gastro dermis

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8
Q

Cnidarians are either

A

Tubular or bell shaped

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9
Q

Between two cell layers that supports cnidarians

A

Jelly like mesoglea

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10
Q

Tentacles surround the

A

Mouth

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11
Q

Cnidarians are the only animal with

A

Cnidocytes (stinging cells)

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12
Q

The cnidocytes are found where?

A

The tentacles

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13
Q

Coiled, harpoon like stinger inside the cnidocytes that shoot out

A

Nematocysts

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14
Q

Cnidocytes contain

A

Poison to paralyze prey

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15
Q

Tentacles bring food into

A

The mouth

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16
Q

The inner gastrodermis secretes

A

Digestive juices into the gastro vascular cavity

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17
Q

The gastro vascular cavity

A

Digests food and circulates nutrients

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18
Q

Food is digested outside the cell

A

Extra cellular digestion

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19
Q

Cnidarians systems have a simple

A

Nerve net and sensory receptors

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20
Q

In Cnidarians muscles help in

A

Directional movement and capturing prey

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21
Q

Scyphozoans

A

Jelly fish

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22
Q

Anthozoans

A

Sea anemones, corals

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23
Q

Hydrozoans

A

Hydra

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24
Q

Cubozoa

A

Box jellies

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25
Q

In the scyphozoan what is the dominant body form?

A

Medusa

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26
Q

The scyphozoans go through

A

A small polyp stage during their life cycle

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27
Q

Scyphozoans have

A

Stinging tentacles

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28
Q

Jellyfish may live

A

Close to the shore or the open ocean

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29
Q

Brightly colored and resemble flowers
Solitary polyps
Feed on invertebrates and fish

A

Sea anemones

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30
Q

Sea anemones have a mutualistic relationship with

A

Various species of anemone fish

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31
Q

The fish receive protection from living in the anemone and the anemone recieved

A

Food from the fish

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32
Q

Most are colonial

A

Corals

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33
Q

Hard corals build

A

Limestone case

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34
Q

Corals live as

A

Polyps in their case

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35
Q

Most corals have a symbiotic relationship with

A

Zooanthellae (dinoflagellate algae)

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36
Q

The algae live inside the coral providing

A

Food and helping to eliminate waste through photosynthesis

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37
Q

Corals grow best in

A

Tropical well lit and clear water

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38
Q

Many also have algae inside them

A

Anemones

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39
Q

Hard coral are the most ecologically significant thanks to

A

The massive calcium carbonate reefs they build

40
Q

Sensitive to runoffs, fertilizers, etc.

A

Corals

41
Q

When a coral is stressed and becomes colorless

A

Coral bleaching

42
Q

Coral bleaching is a sign of

A

A diseased and dying colony

43
Q

Soft coral and sea fans grow into

A

Treelike structures built on protein skeletons

44
Q

NOT reef builders

A

Corals

45
Q

Exist only as polyps

A

Hydra

46
Q

Reproduce by budding

A

Hydra

47
Q

Fresh water only

A

Hydra

48
Q

Move by somersaulting with tentacles

A

Hydrozoans

49
Q

Form resistant zygotes when the environment is bad

A

Hydra

50
Q

Hydra

A

Portuguese man of war

51
Q

Portuguese man of war are

A

Colonia

52
Q

Portuguese man of war contain

A

Tentacles

53
Q

In hydra polyps

A

In colony feed

54
Q

Portuguese man of war has

A

Has filled air float

55
Q

Most hydrozoans alternate

A

Polyp and medusa forms

56
Q

Larva

A

Planula

57
Q

Called com jellies

All marine

A

Ctenophoran

58
Q

There are how many species in ctenophoran

A

Approximately 100

59
Q

Ctenophorans may be

A

Spherical elongated or Ovid

60
Q

Appear to be bioluminescent

A

Ctenophores

61
Q

Ctenophoran have

A

Radial symmetry

62
Q

How many species does the phylum Cnidaria contain?

A

About 9,000

63
Q

Have 8 plates of fused cilia that resemble combs

A

Ctenophoran

64
Q

Ctenophoran move by

A

Beating cilia

65
Q

Most f the body is jelly-like mesoglea

A

Ctenophoran

66
Q

Ctenophoran body and tentacles covered with

A

Sticky mucus to catch prey

67
Q

Has numerous tentacles and is bell shaped

A

Moon jelly

68
Q

Has 2 tentacles and 8 plates of fused cilia

A

Comb jelly

69
Q

Have the same 2 layers of dermal tissue, have mesoglea, have a nervous system and muscle system

A

Both the moon jelly and comb jelly

70
Q

What are the 4 classes of phylum Cnidaria?

A

Hydrozoa
Scyphozoa
Cubozoa
Anthozoa

71
Q

What type of symmetry is found in cnidarians?

A

Radial or biradial

72
Q

What are the two basic body forms or styles of Cnidarians?

A

Polyps and medusae

73
Q

What is the coelenteron?

A

A single opening that serves as both a mouth and anus; extensible tentacles usually encircling the mouth or oral region

74
Q

What is the polyp form found in Cnidarians body structure?

A

Tubular body with a mouth at one end surrounded by tentacles

75
Q

Where are the tentacles located in Cnidarians? (Polyp)

A

By the mouth

76
Q

Where is the mouth located in Cnidarians? (Polyp)

A

The end of the polyp

77
Q

The medusa body form in Cnidarians body structure

A

Body parts arranged in fours (tetramerous symmetry)

78
Q

Where are the tentacles located in the medusa body form of Cnidarians?

A

Extend from the rim of the umbrella margin

79
Q

Where is the mouth located medusa form Cnidarians

A

Usually centered on the concave side (oral surface)

80
Q

A tiny capsule composed of material similar to chitin which contains a coiled thread

A

Nematocyst

81
Q

Cell that secretes and encloses the nematocyst

A

Cnidocyte

82
Q

A trigger like structure of the cnidocyte

A

Cnidocil

83
Q

The primitive nervous system of Cnidarians

A

Nerve net

84
Q

Some Cnidarians contain an extension found in the oral surface that contains the mouth called

A

Manubrium

85
Q

What type of skeleton do Cnidarians contain?

A

Hydrostatic skeleton

86
Q

A gelatinous or jelly like layer which lies between the epidermis and gastrodermis and adheres to both layers

A

Mesoglea

87
Q

How do hydra and sea anemone move about on the sea floor?

A

Gliding in their basal discs aided by mucus secretions

88
Q

What two types of digestion occur in Cnidarians?

A

Extra cellular and intracellular

89
Q

In sexual reproduction where do most Cnidarians she’s their gametes?

A

Directly into the water

90
Q

The embryo characteristically develops into a free swimming planula larva

A

Planula

91
Q

Most common type of asexual reproduction in Cnidarians

A

Budding

92
Q

How many types of Portuguese man of war are there?

A

3: dactylozooids, gastro zooids, gonozooids

93
Q

The true jellyfish “Aurelia” are found in which class?

A

Scyphozoans

94
Q

What is the dominant body form of the jellyfish?

A

Medusae

95
Q

What is the manubrium on jellyfish

A

An extension of the mouth (throat like)

96
Q

Scyphozoans are

A

Dioecious

Marine Science (12 decks)

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