Echinoderm Test Flashcards
Where are the light sensitive eyespots of a sea star located?
Small tentacles at the tip of each arm
What joins the ossicles together on echinoderms?
CT and muscle fibers
Gas exchange in a sea star takes place through which of the following two structures?
Tube feet, skin gills
For what purposes do brittle stars use their arms?
Take food into their mouths, to crawl rapidly along the bottom
How do brittle stars free themselves from predators?
Autonomy
Organisms in the class Echinoidea contain these structures, which are sometimes poisonous for protection?
Spines
5 toothed mouth called aristotles lantern is located in which organism?
Sea urchin
What are the tentacles surrounding the mouth of a sea cucumber used for?
Feeding
The test is the internal skeleton for which organism?
Sea urchin
Which of these are the most highly mobile echinoderms?
Brittle or serpent stars
Which echinoderm rolls up into a ball to travel in the ocean surge, and then opens up to feed?
Basket stars
Sea cucumbers have the ability to spit out a portion of their intestines to distract predators, what’s this called?
Evisceration
Podia is another name for
Tube feet
Circulation of water through a sea star accomplishes what 3 things?
Movement, excretion of waste, gas exchange
Asteroids feed on which of the following?
Bivalves
Sea stars use what for movement?
Tube feet
Sea stars use this system to circulate water through their bodies
Hydro vascular
With what do sea stars pry open the shells of scallops, clams, mussels?
Tube feet
Calcareous plates fused to form the skeleton of most Echinoderms are called?
Ossicles
Where are tube feet housed?
Ambulacral grooves
Small pitcher like structures of Echinoderms, used for collecting food, protection, and sometime camouflage
Pedicellariae
Stone canal, ring canal, radial canal, all part of what body system of Echinoderms?
Hydro vascular
Echinoderms have what type of skeleton
Internal
Underside of sea star where the mouth is
Oral surface
Feeding styles of Echinoderms
Filtering and suspension, predation, vegetarian
Skeleton of Echinoderms composed of
Calcium carbonate
Water enters hydro vascular system through what structure?
Madreporite
Balloon like structures that control extension of tube feet of Echinoderms
Ampulla
Body symmetry of adult Echinoderms
Pentamerous radial
What type of symmetry do Echinoderms have during their larval stage?
Bilateral
What body systems do Echinoderms not have?
Circulatory, respiratory, excretory
Do Echinoderms have a nervous system?
Yes, but they have no head or brain
What is the oral surface of Echinoderms?
Mouth located on this side
What is aboral surface of Echinoderms?
Top of body
Trace the movement of water through the water vascular system
Water enters through the madreporite, passes through stone canal to ring canal, enters radial canal, and connects to tube feet and ampulla
Which Echinoderms are filter feeders?
Brittle stars, crinoids
Which Echinoderms are grazers?
Sea urchin
Which Echinoderms are detritavores?
Sea stars
Which Echinoderms are predators?
Sea stars
Which Echinoderms are suspension feeders?
Sea cucumber
In Echinoderms where are eggs and sperm produced?
In the arms
What are free swimming larva
Bipannaria
What are the classes of Echinoderms?
- Holothuroidea
- Crinoidea
- Echinoidea
- Ophiuroidea
- Asteroidea
What organisms are in the class Holothuroidea?
Sea cucumbers/ sea pig
What organisms are in Crinoidea?
Sea lilies
What organisms are in Echinoidea?
Sea urchins, sand dollars, sea biscuits
What organisms are in Ophiuroidea?
Brittle stars
What organisms are in Asteroidea?
Sea stars
What is a sea cucumbers defense?
Ejects guys through the cloaca
Cloaca: opening used for reproduction and excretion
How do sea cucumbers feed?
Sift through sand
What type of feeders are sea lilies?
Filter feeders
Characteristics of sea lilies?
Long feather like arms and short hook like legs called cirri
-upward facing mouths
What do sea urchins feed on?
Algae
What eats sea urchins?
Otters
What is the test of the sea urchin?
Exoskeleton that houses internal organs
How do brittle/basket stars feed?
Suspension/filter feeders
-produce mucus to catch food
What do sea stars eat?
Oyster, clams, mussels
How many stomachs do sea stars have?
2
What are the 2 stomachs?
Cardiac and pyloric
-cardiac: everted out of organism to digest prey
