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MD1S2: Anatomy 202 > Spleen > Flashcards

Spleen Flashcards

1
Q

Shape of spleen

A

Wedge-shaped organ

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2
Q

Location of the spleen

A

Mainly in hypogastrium and partly in epigastrium

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3
Q

Character of the spleen

A

Soft, highly vascular and dark purple in color

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4
Q

Dimensions of the spleen

A

1 inch thick, 3 inches broad and 5 inches long

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5
Q

Weight of spleen

A

7 ounces

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6
Q

Vertebral level of spleen

A

9-11 rib

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7
Q

Is the spleen palpable?

A

Not in normal physiology

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8
Q

Axis of spleen

A

The spleen lies obliquely along the long axis of the 10th rib
Directed downwards, forwards and laterally, making an angle of about 45° with the horizontal plane

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9
Q

What are the external features of spleen?

A

Two ends
Three borders
Two surfaces
Two angles and hilum

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10
Q

What are the ends of the spleen?

A

Anterior/lateral end (downwards and forwards reaching midaxillary line)
Posterior/medial end (upwards, backwards and medially)

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11
Q

Borders of the spleen

A

Superior border (notched near anterior end)
Inferior border (rounded)
Intermediate border (rounded and directed rightwards)

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12
Q

Surfaces of the spleen

A

Diaphragmatic surface (convex and smooth)
Visceral surface (concave and irregular)

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13
Q

Angles of the spleen

A

Anterobasal angle: Junction of superior border and lateral end. Most forward projecting part of the spleen
Posterobasal angle: Junction of inferior border with lateral end of spleen

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14
Q

Location of spleen hilum

A

Between superior and intermediate borders
Pierced by branches and tributeries of splenic vessels

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15
Q

What are the peritoneal relations of the spleen?

A

Gastrosplenic ligament
Lienorenal ligament
Phrenicocolic ligament

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16
Q

Extent of the gastrosplenic ligament?

A

Extends from the hilum of the spleen to the greater curvature of the stomach

17
Q

What does the gastrosplenic ligament contain?

A

Short gastric vessels
Associated lymphatics
Sympathetic nerves

18
Q

What is the lienorenal ligament?

A

Extends from the hilum of the spleen to the anterior surface of the left kidney

19
Q

What does the lienorenal ligament contain?

A

Tail of the pancreas
Splenic vessels
Associated pancreaticosplenic lymph nodes, lymphatics and sympathetic nerves

20
Q

What is the phrenicocolic ligament?

A

Not attached to the spleen but supports its anterior end
Horizontal fold of peritoneum extending from the splenic flexure of colon to the diaphragm, opposite the 11th rib in the midaxillary line
It is also called sustentaculum lienis.

21
Q

Relations on visceral surface of spleen

A

Gastric impression
Renal impression
Colic impression
Pancreatic impression

22
Q

Gastric impression

A

Impression of fundus of stomach
Lies between superior and intermediate borders

23
Q

Renal impression

A

Impression of left kidney
Lies between inferior and intermediate borders

24
Q

Colic impression

A

Impression of splenic flexure and lower part related to phrenicocolic ligament
Occupies triangular area adjoining anterior end of spleen

25
Q

Pancreatic impression

A

Impression of tail of pancreas
Lies between hilum and colic impression

26
Q

Diaphragmatic relations of spleen

A

Related to the diaphragm which separates the spleen from the costodiaphragmatic recess of pleura, lung and 9th, 10th and 11th ribs of the left side

27
Q

Arterial supply of spleen

A

Splenic artery

28
Q

Venous drainage of spleen

A

Splenic vein (formed at the hilum of the spleen)

29
Q

Course of splenic vein

A

Runs a straight course behind the pancreas
Joins the superior mesenteric vein behind the neck of the pancreas to form the portal vein

30
Q

Lymphatic drainage of spleen

A

Splenic tissue proper has no lymphatics
The connective tissue of the spleen capsule contain lymphatics including trabeculae and drain into the pancreaticosplenic lymph nodes situated along the splenic artery

31
Q

Nerve supply of spleen

A

Sympathetic fibers: Celiac plexus (vasomotor and supply smooth muscles of capsule)

32
Q

Functions of spleen

A

Phagocytosis
Haemopoiesis
Immune responses
Storage of RBCs

33
Q

Where can an enlarged spleen be felt?

A

Under left costal margic during inspiration
Projects into the right iliac fossa in the firection fo the axis of the tenth rib

Spleen must be twice the normal size

34
Q

What is enlargement of the spleen called?

A

Splenomegaly

35
Q

What is a splenectomy?

A

Surgical removal of spleen

Avoid damage to tail of pancreas which has Islets of Langerhans

36
Q

Intercostal space for splenic puncture

A

9th/10th intercostal space in midaxillary line using lumbar puncture needle

Patient must hold breath during procedure

MD1S2: Anatomy 202 (33 decks)

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