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Spirits & Liqueurs Flashcards

1
Q

Min ABV of Vodka?

A

37.5%

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2
Q

Name some producers of Vodka and their origin

A

Russia: Stolichnaya, Ikon
Poland: Chopin, Belvedere
Sweden: Absolut
France: Grey Goose
Netherlands: Ketel One
British: Smirnoff
USA: Tito’s (from Texas, made of corn, using pot still)

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3
Q

What is aquavit

A

Scandinavian liquor made from potato/grain and flavoured with caraway

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4
Q

What is awamori

A

Okinawa sochu, from long grain indica rice.

Sochu are not charcoal filtered

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5
Q

Some producers of London dry Gin

A

Beefeater, Tanqueray, Bombay Sapphire, Gordon’s, Boodles

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6
Q

What is genever

A

Gin, made in pot still. Sweeter but less alcoholic. Made using juniper and malt. May be aged in oak.

Oude (old): with min 15% malt wine (distillate from corn, rye, wheat)
Jonge (young): more neutral, lesser malt
Corewyn (corn wine): cask-aged, with min 51% malt wine

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7
Q

What does Straight Bourbon means?

A

Bourbon aged more than 2 years, no added colouring/flavouring.

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8
Q

What is Bourbon?

A

Whiskey, with min 51% corn.

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9
Q

What is Rye?

A

Whiskey, with min 51% Rye

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10
Q

What makes a Tennessee Whiskey?

A

Must be produced in Tennessee, and undergo Lincoln County process - filtered with maple charcoal prior to fermentation.

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11
Q

What does Sour Mash means?

A

Incorporating a portion of spent mash into newly fermented mash

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12
Q

What is Corn Whiskey?

A

Whiskey, from min 80% corn

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13
Q

What did the 2009 Scotch Whisky Regulations established

A

5 categories: Single Malt, Single Grain, Blended Malt, Blended Grain, Blended

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14
Q

What is Single Malt Whisky?

A

Distilled from malted barley in a pot still, at a single distillery.

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15
Q

What is Single Grain Whisky?

A

May use unmalted barley, wheat, corn. Produced from a single distillery.

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16
Q

What is Blended Malt Whisky?

A

Blend of malt whiskies

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17
Q

What is Blended Grain Whisky

A

Whisky produced by 2 or more grain whiskies

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18
Q

What is Blended Whisky

A

Mixture of malt and grain whiskies, produced at number of different distilleries

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19
Q

Ageing requirement of Bourbon/Rye

A

2 years in new charred oak

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20
Q

Requirement of Scotch Whiskies

A

Produced in Scotland, distilled twice, min 3 years ageing, min 40% ABV

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21
Q

What are the region of Scotch Whisky production?

A

Highland (including Isles of Mull, Isles of Skye, Isles of Jura, Isles of Orkney), Lowland, Speyside, Islay, Campbelltown

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22
Q

What are the only distilleries of Campbeltown?

A

Glen Scotia, Glengyle, Springbank

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23
Q

Requirement of Irish Whisky

A

Aged for 3 years. Traditionally triple-distilled in pot still, but nowadays more column still.

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24
Q

Name the producers on the Scotch Islands

A

Isle of Jura - Isle of Jura
Isle of Arran - Arran
Isle of Orkney - Highland Park, Scappa
Isle of Skye - Talisker
Isle of Mull - Tobermury
Isle of Lewis - Abhainn Dearg

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25
Name some producers from Highland
Oban, Glenmorangie, Dalwhinnie, Dalmore, Ben Nevis
26
Name some producers from Lowland
Glenkinchie, Auchentoshan, Bladnoch, Rosebank
27
Producers of Speyside
Glenlivet, Glenfiddich, Macallan, Balvenie
28
Producers from Islay
Ardbeg, Lagavulin, Laphroaig, Bowmore
29
Name some Bourbon producers
Elijah Craig, Buffalo Trace, Angel’s Envy
30
Name some Rye Whiskey producers
Sazerac, Michter’s, Wild Turkey
31
Subregion of Cognac
Grande Champagne, Petite Champagne, Borderies, Fine Bois, Bons Bois, Bois Ordinaires Fine Champagne: min 50% Grande Champagne + Petite Champagne Smallest district - Borderies
32
What is the raw material of Cognac?
Ugni Blanc (St Emilion), with Folle Blanche, Colombard and others
33
Distillation method of Cognac?
Double distilled in Copper Charentais pot still. First distillation produced brouillis (28% - 32% ABV spirit) Second distillation (bonne chauffeur) - when multiplied brouillis is added and distilled and divided into heads (tete), hearts (coeur), secondes (second cut), tails (queues)
34
Labelling term of Cognac
VS (very special)/***: 2 years VSOP (very special/superior old pale): 4 years XO: 10 years
35
Fine Champagne requirement
Distilled from wines produced in Grande Champagne & Petite Champagne. Min 50% Grande Champagne
36
Subregion of Armagnac
Haut-Armagnac, Bas-Armagnac, Armagnac-Tenareze
37
Raw material of Armagnac
Wine made from Ugni Blanc, Colombard, Folle Blanche (Picpoul), Baco Blanc
38
Distillation method of Armagnac
Usually in continuous pot still (Coffey Still)
39
Labelling term of Armagnac
Blanche Armagnac: Young Armagnac (bottled after 3 months in inert) VS/***: 1-3 years VSOP: 4-9 years XO/Hors d’Age: min 10 years
40
Name some Cognac producers
Remy Martin, Hennessy, Martell
41
Name some Armagnac producer
Laberdolive, Chateau Laubade, Delord, Larressingle, Baron de Sigognac, Casterede, Janneau, Samalens (Single de Samalens), Montal, Baron de Lustrac, Darroze (Domaine de Tucom), Marcillac, Domaine d’Aurensan, Laballe
42
Brandies in Spain
Usually made Jerez - Brandy de Jerez, distilled in pot still (alquitaras) from Airen & Palamino. Solera - 3 months ageing Solera Riserva - 1 year ageing Solera Gran Riserva - 3 years ageing
43
What is pomace spirit
Produce from remnants left after pressing. France - Marc. Best in Champagne, Burgundy, Alsace. Portugal - Bagaceira Italy - Grappa
44
Labelling term of Grappa
Vecchia/Invecchiata - 12 months in wood Riserva/Stravecchia - 18 months in wood
45
AOC that produces Calvados
Calvados, Calvados Domfrontais, Calvados Pays d’Auge. Pays d’Auge - double distilled in pot still, min 2 years in oak Domfrontais - continuous still, min 3 years in oak, min 30% Pears
46
Labelling term of Calvados
Fine - 2 years Vieux/Reserve - 3 years VO/VSOP/Vielle Reserve - 4 years Hors d’Age/XO/Tres Vielle Reserve/Tres Vielle Vieux/Extra/Napoleon - 6 years
47
Name the Eau-de-Vie and the fruits
Black Cherries - Kirsch (Kirschwasser) Pear - Poire Williams Raspberry - Framboise Plum - Slivovitz, Mirabelle, Quetsch, Prunelle Fig - Boukha Apricot - Barack Palinka
48
What are the major styles of Rum
Light Rum - using sugarcane mostly continuous still, including Cachaça (made from fermented Sugarcane) Dark Rum - using sugarcane double distilled in pot still (In Jamaica), more caramel notes Demerara Rum - from molasses, made in Guyana Rhum Agricole - using sugarcane juice, Martinique AOC Spiced Rum - spice/fruit-flavoured rum
49
Where can Tequila be produced in Mexico
Jalisco, Guanajuato, Tamaulipas, Nayarit, Michoacán
50
What are the labelling term of Tequila
Blanco/Silver - max 2 months in oak Oro/Gold - added caramel colouring Reposado - 2 months to 1 year in oak Anejo - 1 year to 3 years in oak Extra Anejo - more than 3 years in oak
51
Area of production for Mezcal
Oaxaca, Guerrero, Durango, San Luis Potosí, Zacatecas, Tamaulipas (added in 2003), Michoacán (added in 2012), Guanajuato (added in 2015), Puebla (added in 2016), Sinaloa (added in 2021)
52
States in Oaxaca for Mezcal
Solá de Vega, Miahuatlán, Yautepec, Santiago Matatlán, Tlacolula, Ocotlán, Ejutla, Zimatlan
53
Labelling term for Mezcal
Reposado - min 2 months in oak Anejo - min 1 year in oak Madurado en Vidrio - min 1 year in glass, in cool dark place
54
Requirement for Mezcal
Cooking: piña or maguey juices in pit ovens, cement or stainless steel tanks Milling: stone wheel, mechanical shredder or large mill Fermentation: wood cask, cement or staining steel tanks Distillation: alambic still, continuous still, copper still, or stainless steel tanks
55
Requirement of Mezcal Artesanal
Cooking: Pit ovens or cement Milling: wooden floor, bats, stone wheel or mechanical shredder Fermentation: stone vessel, cement, wood, clay, earthenware or animal skins; can include maguey fiber (bagazo) Distillation: direct fire on alembic, copper, small or large clay vessel; wood; copper or stainless tank; can include maguey fiber (bagazo)
56
Requirement of Mezcal Ancestral
Cooking: pit ovens Milling: wooden bats or stone wheel Fermentation: stone vessel, cement, wood, clay, earthenware or animal skins; must include maguey fiber (bagazo) Distillation: direct fire on small or large clay vessel; wood; must include maguey fiber (bagazo)
57
What is Gusano de Maguey
Worm (larva) in mezcal
58
Bitter Herbal Liqueurs
Italy: Fernet Branca (herbs, roots, spices), Averna (herbs, roots, citrus), Ramazzotti (roots, herbs, orange peel, anise), Cynar (artichoke), Campari (herbs, quinine, rhubarb, orange), Aperol (orange, gentian, rhubarb), Amaro Montenegro (vanilla, orange peel, eucalyptus) France: Amer Picon (orange, gentian), Suze (gentian, herbs) Germany: Boonekamp (herbs, roots, spices), Jaegermeister (herbs, spices, fruits) Hungary: Unicum/Zwack (herbs, spices)
59
Fruit Liqueurs
France: Cointreau (orange), Grand Marnier (orange, Cognac based), Chambord (black raspberry), Cassis (blackcurrant) Netherlands: Curaçao (laraha citrus), Pisang Ambon (banana) South Africa: Van Der Hum (tangerine) Croatia: Maraschino (cherry) Denmark: Cherry Heering (cherry) Japan: Midori (melon) Barbados: Malibu (coconut, rum based) England: Sloe Gin (sloe berries, sweetened Gin based) Italy: Limoncello (lemon)
60
Coffee, Cream, Nut, Egg Liqueurs
Advocaat: Netherlands (sweetened egg) Baileys: Ireland (cream, chocolate) Amarula: South Africa (cream, marula fruit) Tia Maria: Jamaica (coffee, rum based) Kahlua: Mexico (coffee, rum based) Godiva: Belgium (chocolate) Frangelico: Italy (hazelnut) Amaretto: Italy (almond, apricot) Nocino: Italy (walnut)
61
Whiskey-Based Liqueurs
Scotch Whisky based: Drambuie (heather honey, herbs), Glen Mist (heather honey, herbs), Glayva (honey, tangerine, spices) Irish Whiskey based: Irish Mist (honey, herbs) American whiskey based: Southern Comfort (peach, orange, spice)
62
Bitters
Angostura Bitters: Originally Venezuela, now Trinidad & Tobago (Gentian, herbs, spices) Peychaud Bitters: Originally New Orleans, Louisiana, now Kentucky, Buffalo Trace (Gentian, anise)
63
Other Liqueurs
France: Pernod (anise, fennel), Ricard (anise, liquorice root, thyme), Pastis 51 (anise), Benedictine (herbs, spices), Chartreuse (herbs, plants, roots, spices), B&B (Benedictine, brandy), St Germain (elderflower) Italy: Sambuca (anise, elderberry), Galliano (anise, herbs, vanilla), Strega (saffron, herbs, spices) Greece: Ouzo (anise) Spain: Licor 43 (vanilla, herbs, spices) Denmark: Kummel (caraway) Poland: Krupnik (honey) Others: Creme de Menthe (mint), Creme de Cacao (chocolate), Creme de Mure (blackberry), Creme de Cassis (blackcurrant), Creme de Fraise (strawberry)
64
What is the regulation for American Single Malt Whiskey?
Updated in 2024. Must be 100% malted barley, aged in oak (no min ageing requirement), min 40% ABV. Can use caramel colour. American Single Malt Whiskey aged for 2 years can be labeled with “Straight”
65
What are the types of Calvados?
Acides (tart), Ameres (semi tart), Douces Ameres (semi sweet), Douces (sweet)
66
Name some producers of Calvados
Pere Magloire, Roger Groult, Adrien Camut, Droin, Lemorton, Boulard, Chateau du Breuil, Famile Dupont, Coquere
67
What is Chais Jaune d’Or
Separate cellar for Cognac storage
68
Notable Cognac house
**Remy Martin:** Louis XIII **Martell:** L’Or de Jean Martell 1715, Les Remaquables de Martell **Courvoisier:** Mizunara **Camus:** Borderies **Delamain:** Pale & Dry **Hennesey:** Paradis Imperial **Hine:** Antique **A.E Dor:** Reserve No.5 Louis-Philippe **Frapin:** XO - VIP **Croizet:** Bonaparte
69
What are the single villages in Mezcal
Chichicapa, San Luis del Rio, Santo Domingo Albarradas, Minero, Tobala
70
Name some producers of Rum, and country of origin
**Trinidad & Tobago** Angostura, Kraken **Jamaica** Appleton Estate, Captain Morgan **Puerto Rico** Bacardi **Australia** Bundaberg **Cuba** Havana Club **Guadeloupe** Montenello **Barbados** Mount Gay **Guatemala** Ron Zacapa **Guyana** El Dorado
71
Name some Single Grain Whiskies
Cameron Brig (Cameronbridge, Fife) Dumbarton (Dumbarton) North British (Edinburgh) Invergordon (Invergordon) Port Dundas (Glasgow)
72
Name some Irish whiskies
Bushmills, Teeling, Jameson, Dingle

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