Portugal Flashcards by Zhen Jie New

Who are the Instituto Do Vinho Do Porto?

Regulators of quality of Port with tasting panel called Cámara de Provadores.

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What are the 3 sub-regions of Porto/Douro DOP?

Cima Corgo (best, in the middle, around Pinhao), Baixo Corgo (lowest quality, in the West, Douro Superior (East)

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What is the river that runs through Porto/Douro DOP?

River Douro.

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What is the principal soil of Douro/Porto DOP?

Schist (best, Rank A), Granite (worst, Rank F)

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What are the permitted varietals for Porto DOP?

Tinto: Aragonez (Tinta Roriz), Bastardo, Castelão, Cornifesto, Donzelinho Tinto, Malvasia Preta, Marufo, Rufete, Tinta Barroca, Tinta Francisca, Tinto Cão (Tinta Cão), Touriga Franca, Touriga Nacional, Trincadeira (Tinta Amarela)

Branco: Arinto (Pedernã), Cercial, Donzelinho-Branco, Folgazão, Gouveio, Malvasia Fina, Moscatel Galego Branco, Rabigato, Samarrinho, Semillon, Sercial (Esgana Cão), Síria (Roupeiro), Verdelho, Viosinho, Vital

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What is aguadente?

Short-fermented must that is low in alcohol and high in sugar content.

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What is the difference in production for Dry Port and Sweet Port?

Dry Port: Longer fermentation, lesser aguadente used.

Sweet Port: Shorter fermentation, more aguadente used.

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What are Pipes?

550L casks (during production and maturation)
534.24L (when sold)

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What are the styles of Port?

Ruby Port, Reserve/Reserva Port, Late-Bottled Vintage, Crusted Port, Vintage Port, Single Quinta, Tawny Port, Fine Old/Aged Tawny Port, Colheita Port, White Port, Rose Port.

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What is the minimum aging requirement for Ruby Port? What is Reserva/Reserve in Port?

4 years.

Better quality of Ruby Port, but if used with white/tawny, minimal requirement aging is 7 years.

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What is Late-Bottled Vintage?

Port from a single year, aged 4-6 years in cask.

Bottled matured/Envelhicido em garrafa will have additional 3 years of bottle-aging.

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What is Crusted Port?

Blends of quality wines from different vintages, bottled unfiltered. Matured in bottle for min. 3 years.

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What is the minimum aging requirement for Vintage Port? What are some of the years Vintage Port is produced?

2 years in cask.

1963, 1966, 1967 (only by 4 houses), 1970, 1975, 1977, 1980, 1982, 1983, 1985, 1991, 1992, 1994, 1997, 2000, 2003, 2007, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2015, 2016

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What are Single Quita Port? Give examples.

Made the same way as Port, non-declared Vintages.

Burmester - Quinta do Nova de Nossa Senhora do Carmo
Calem - Quinta da Foz, Quinta da Sagrado, Quinta da Arnozelo
Champalimaud - Quinta do Cotto
Churchill’s - Quinta da Agua Alta, Quinta do Gricha
Cockburn’s - Quinta dos Canais, Quinta do Tua
Croft - Quinta do Roeda
Delaforce - Quinta da Corte
Dow - Quinta do Bomfim, Quinta Senhora da Ribeira
Ferreira - Quinta do Porto, Quinta do Seixo
Fonesca - Quinta do Panascal
Graham’s - Quinta dos Malvedos, Quinta do Tua
Kopke - Quinta do Sao Luiz
Martinez - Quinta do Chousa, Quinta da Eira Velha
Messias - Quinta do Cachão
Niepoort - Quinta do Passadouro
De Romaniera - Quinta das Liceiras
Quinta do Vesuvio - Quinta do Vesuvio
Quinta do Noval - Quinta do Silva, Quinta do Noval, Quinta do Noval Nacional
Ramos Pinto - Quinta do Bom Retiro, Quinta do Ervamoira
Sandeman - Quinta do Vau, Quinta do Seixo
SmithWoodhouse - Quinta da Madalena
Taylor-Floodgate - Quinta de Vargellas, Quinta de Terra Feita, Quinta do Junco
Van Zeller - Quinta do Roriz, Quinta do Vale de Dona Maria
Warre’s - Quinta da Cavadinha
Wiese & Krohn - Quinta do Retiro Novo

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What are Fine Old/Aged Tawny?

Matured in cask for 7-8 years.

Labelling:
Velho (Old): 10 & 20 years
Muito Velho (Very Old): 30, 40, 50 years

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What is Colheita Port?

Single vintage Tawny Port, matured in cask for min 7 years.

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Where is Madeira DOP located?

Terras Madeirenses

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What is poios?

Small plots on hillside that vines grow on in Madeira.

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What is the soil in Madeira?

Madeira volcanic soils: Saibro (decomposed red tufa), Cascalho (stony soil), Pedra molle (an arenaceous soil, of decomposed yellow tufa), and Massapes (clay resulting from the decomposition of dark tufa)

Porto Santo: volcanic and limestone

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What are the permitted grapes for Madeira?

Sercial, Verdelho, Bual/Boal, Malvasía, Tinta Negra, Terrantez, Bastardo

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What style of wine is produced in Madeira?

Fortified dry to sweet.

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What are the labelling terms in Madeira? What does it mean?

Sercial - Dry
Verdelho - Medium-Dry
Boal/Bual - Medium-Sweet
Malvasía - Sweet

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What is Estufas?

Large tanks with heating coils where lower quality wines goes in.

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Where does Madeira get their oxidative and caramel character?

Fluctuation of temperature throughout maturation.

Wines will be heated to 45-50°C for 4 months and allow to cool in Estufas. Some will be placed near the roof of storage area/out in the sun.

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What is Vintage/Frasqueira Madeiras?

Made from 85-100% of the stated varietal, vintage and matured for min. 20 years.

What is Colheita Madeira?

85-100% of stated variety and vintage. Matured in oak for min. 5 years, and 1 year in bottle.

What are the other styles of Madeira?

Finest: min 3 years in tanks. Reserve: min. age of youngest wine is aged 5 years in wood Special/Old Reserve: min. age of youngest wine is aged 10 years in wood Extra Reserve: min. age of youngest wine is aged for 15 years in wood

What is the grapes of Colares DOP?

White: Malvasia Red: Ramisco (chão de areia sand), Castelão (chão rija hard soil)

Ageing requirement of Colares?

White: min 6 months oak, 3 months bottle Red: 18 months oak, 6 months bottle

What is garrafeira?

Vintage-dated DOP/IGP. Red - 36 months total, 12 months bottle White/Rose - 12 months total, 6 months bottle

What does reserve means for Portuguese traditional method sparkling?

Min. 12 months on lees

What is Colheita Seleccionada?

Min. 1% more alcohol than that established in appellation

Synonyms of Touriga Nacional?

Bical Tinto, Mortagua Preto

What are the subregion within Tras-os-Montes DOP?

Chaves, Valpaços, Planalto Mirandes

What is Bastardo?

Trousseau

What is late harvest called in Douro?

Colheita Tardia

Subregion of Bairrada?

Terres de Sico

What is Tavora-Varosa DOP known for?

Sparkling wine, located south of Douro River

Sub zones of Beira Interior?

Beira Castelao Rodrigo, Cova de Beira, Pinhel

Subzone of Dao?

Serra da Estrela, Alva, Besteiros, Castendo, Silgueiros, Terras de Azurara, Terres de Senhorim

Portugal’s highest mountain range?

Serra de Estrela

What is nobre in Dao?

Red: 3 years ageing, 13% ABV. Min 15% Touriga Nacional, max 85% combined Jaen, Rufete, Alfrocheiro, Arragonez White: 1 year ageing, 12% ABV. Min 15% Encruzado, max 85% combined Cercial, Bical, Malvasia Fina, Verdelho

Nobre Reserva and Nobre Garrafeira?

NR Red: 42 months NR White: 12 months NG Red: 48 months, 18 months in bottle NG White: 18 months, 9 months in bottle All have to have 0.5% more ABV

Soil of Bairrada?

Barros clay

ABV requirement for Bairrada Classico?

Red: 12.5% ABV White: 12% ABV

What are the DOPs within Lisboa?

Arruda, Alenquer, Bucelas, Colares, Carcavelos, Encostas d’Aire, Lourinha, Obidos, Torres Vedras

Ageing requirement of Carcavelos?

Barrels aged for 2 years, 6 months in bottle after fortifying with abafado (partially fermented must preserved with alcohol)

Subregions of DoTejo IGP?

Coruche, Chamusca, Cartaxo, Santarem, Tomar, Almeirim

Subregions of Alentejano?

Moura, Granja-Amareleja, Evora, Vidigueira, Reguengos, Redondo, Borba, Portalegre

Soil of Portalegre?

Granite slopes, from Sao Mamede Mountains

Subregion of Algarve?

Lagos, Lagoa, Portimao, Tavira

Island DOP of Açores (Azores)?

Pico, Graciosa, Biscoitos (Terceria) Soil: Volcanic soil (Basalt rocks) Training method: Low to the ground within Currais (enclosed by low stone walls)

Requirement of Pico DOP licoroso.

Min 2 years in oak, min 16% ABV. Made from Verdelho, Arinto, Terrantez.

DOP within Terres Madeirenses IGP?

Madeira (fortified), Madeirense (still)

What is the soil of colares?

Chao de areia (sand, for Ramisco), chao de rija (hard soil, for castelao)

Subregion of Vinho Verde DOP

Moncao e Malgaco, Lima, Basto, Cavado, Ave, Amarante, Sousa, Baiao, Paivo

DOP within Terras de Dao

Dao, Lafoes

Subzone of Encostas d’Aire

Ourem, Alcobaca

Style of Lourinha?

Aquadente, min 38% ABV

Style of Bucelas

White (still & sparkling). Min 75% Arinto (Perdana)

DOP within Peninsula de Setubal

Palmela, Setubal

Commune in Palmela and Setubal

Palmela, Montijo, Setubal, Castelo

Difference between Palmela and Setubal

Palmela can produce white, red, rose, sparkling and sweet. Setubal only sweet (from torna viagem process, similar to Madeira)

What is the mountain in Peninsula de Setubal

Arrabida Mountain

What is the river in Alentejano & Tejo?

Tagus or Tejo River

What does Envelhecido em Garrafa means on LBV Port?

Additional 3 years of bottle ageing, unfiltered. More similar to vintage port.

Training method in Madeira

Levadas, pergola-trained with vines suspended low on trellises

Ageing requirement of Frasqueira Madeira

Min 20 years, 85% of single varietal

What is mutage in Portugal?

Beneficio