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Portugal Flashcards

1
Q

Who are the Instituto Do Vinho Do Porto?

A

Regulators of quality of Port with tasting panel called Cámara de Provadores.

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2
Q

What are the 3 sub-regions of Porto/Douro DOP?

A

Cima Corgo (best, in the middle, around Pinhao), Baixo Corgo (lowest quality, in the West, Douro Superior (East)

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3
Q

What is the river that runs through Porto/Douro DOP?

A

River Douro.

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4
Q

What is the principal soil of Douro/Porto DOP?

A

Schist (best, Rank A), Granite (worst, Rank F)

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5
Q

What are the permitted varietals for Porto DOP?

A

Tinto: Aragonez (Tinta Roriz), Bastardo, Castelão, Cornifesto, Donzelinho Tinto, Malvasia Preta, Marufo, Rufete, Tinta Barroca, Tinta Francisca, Tinto Cão (Tinta Cão), Touriga Franca, Touriga Nacional, Trincadeira (Tinta Amarela)

Branco: Arinto (Pedernã), Cercial, Donzelinho-Branco, Folgazão, Gouveio, Malvasia Fina, Moscatel Galego Branco, Rabigato, Samarrinho, Semillon, Sercial (Esgana Cão), Síria (Roupeiro), Verdelho, Viosinho, Vital

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6
Q

What is aguadente?

A

Short-fermented must that is low in alcohol and high in sugar content.

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7
Q

What is the difference in production for Dry Port and Sweet Port?

A

Dry Port: Longer fermentation, lesser aguadente used.

Sweet Port: Shorter fermentation, more aguadente used.

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8
Q

What are Pipes?

A

550L casks (during production and maturation)
534.24L (when sold)

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9
Q

What are the styles of Port?

A

Ruby Port, Reserve/Reserva Port, Late-Bottled Vintage, Crusted Port, Vintage Port, Single Quinta, Tawny Port, Fine Old/Aged Tawny Port, Colheita Port, White Port, Rose Port.

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10
Q

What is the minimum aging requirement for Ruby Port? What is Reserva/Reserve in Port?

A

4 years.

Better quality of Ruby Port, but if used with white/tawny, minimal requirement aging is 7 years.

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11
Q

What is Late-Bottled Vintage?

A

Port from a single year, aged 4-6 years in cask.

Bottled matured/Envelhicido em garrafa will have additional 3 years of bottle-aging.

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12
Q

What is Crusted Port?

A

Blends of quality wines from different vintages, bottled unfiltered. Matured in bottle for min. 3 years.

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13
Q

What is the minimum aging requirement for Vintage Port? What are some of the years Vintage Port is produced?

A

2 years in cask.

1963, 1966, 1967 (only by 4 houses), 1970, 1975, 1977, 1980, 1982, 1983, 1985, 1991, 1992, 1994, 1997, 2000, 2003, 2007, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2015, 2016

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14
Q

What are Single Quita Port? Give examples.

A

Made the same way as Port, non-declared Vintages.

Burmester - Quinta do Nova de Nossa Senhora do Carmo
Calem - Quinta da Foz, Quinta da Sagrado, Quinta da Arnozelo
Champalimaud - Quinta do Cotto
Churchill’s - Quinta da Agua Alta, Quinta do Gricha
Cockburn’s - Quinta dos Canais, Quinta do Tua
Croft - Quinta do Roeda
Delaforce - Quinta da Corte
Dow - Quinta do Bomfim, Quinta Senhora da Ribeira
Ferreira - Quinta do Porto, Quinta do Seixo
Fonesca - Quinta do Panascal
Graham’s - Quinta dos Malvedos, Quinta do Tua
Kopke - Quinta do Sao Luiz
Martinez - Quinta do Chousa, Quinta da Eira Velha
Messias - Quinta do Cachão
Niepoort - Quinta do Passadouro
De Romaniera - Quinta das Liceiras
Quinta do Vesuvio - Quinta do Vesuvio
Quinta do Noval - Quinta do Silva, Quinta do Noval, Quinta do Noval Nacional
Ramos Pinto - Quinta do Bom Retiro, Quinta do Ervamoira
Sandeman - Quinta do Vau, Quinta do Seixo
SmithWoodhouse - Quinta da Madalena
Taylor-Floodgate - Quinta de Vargellas, Quinta de Terra Feita, Quinta do Junco
Van Zeller - Quinta do Roriz, Quinta do Vale de Dona Maria
Warre’s - Quinta da Cavadinha
Wiese & Krohn - Quinta do Retiro Novo

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15
Q

What are Fine Old/Aged Tawny?

A

Matured in cask for 7-8 years.

Labelling:
Velho (Old): 10 & 20 years
Muito Velho (Very Old): 30, 40, 50 years

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16
Q

What is Colheita Port?

A

Single vintage Tawny Port, matured in cask for min 7 years.

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17
Q

Where is Madeira DOP located?

A

Terras Madeirenses

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18
Q

What is poios?

A

Small plots on hillside that vines grow on in Madeira.

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19
Q

What is the soil in Madeira?

A

Madeira volcanic soils: Saibro (decomposed red tufa), Cascalho (stony soil), Pedra molle (an arenaceous soil, of decomposed yellow tufa), and Massapes (clay resulting from the decomposition of dark tufa)

Porto Santo: volcanic and limestone

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20
Q

What are the permitted grapes for Madeira?

A

Sercial, Verdelho, Bual/Boal, Malvasía, Tinta Negra, Terrantez, Bastardo

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21
Q

What style of wine is produced in Madeira?

A

Fortified dry to sweet.

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22
Q

What are the labelling terms in Madeira? What does it mean?

A

Sercial - Dry
Verdelho - Medium-Dry
Boal/Bual - Medium-Sweet
Malvasía - Sweet

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23
Q

What is Estufas?

A

Large tanks with heating coils where lower quality wines goes in.

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24
Q

Where does Madeira get their oxidative and caramel character?

A

Fluctuation of temperature throughout maturation.

Wines will be heated to 45-50°C for 4 months and allow to cool in Estufas. Some will be placed near the roof of storage area/out in the sun.

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25
Q

What is Vintage/Frasqueira Madeiras?

A

Made from 85-100% of the stated varietal, vintage and matured for min. 20 years.

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26
Q

What is Colheita Madeira?

A

85-100% of stated variety and vintage. Matured in oak for min. 5 years, and 1 year in bottle.

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27
Q

What are the other styles of Madeira?

A

Finest: min 3 years in tanks.
Reserve: min. age of youngest wine is aged 5 years in wood
Special/Old Reserve: min. age of youngest wine is aged 10 years in wood
Extra Reserve: min. age of youngest wine is aged for 15 years in wood

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28
Q

What is the grapes of Colares DOP?

A

White: Malvasia
Red: Ramisco (chão de areia sand), Castelão (chão rija hard soil)

29
Q

Ageing requirement of Colares?

A

White: min 6 months oak, 3 months bottle
Red: 18 months oak, 6 months bottle

30
Q

What is garrafeira?

A

Vintage-dated DOP/IGP.

Red - 36 months total, 12 months bottle
White/Rose - 12 months total, 6 months bottle

31
Q

What does reserve means for Portuguese traditional method sparkling?

A

Min. 12 months on lees

32
Q

What is Colheita Seleccionada?

A

Min. 1% more alcohol than that established in appellation

33
Q

Synonyms of Touriga Nacional?

A

Bical Tinto, Mortagua Preto

34
Q

What are the subregion within Tras-os-Montes DOP?

A

Chaves, Valpaços, Planalto Mirandes

35
Q

What is Bastardo?

36
Q

What is late harvest called in Douro?

A

Colheita Tardia

37
Q

Subregion of Bairrada?

A

Terres de Sico

38
Q

What is Tavora-Varosa DOP known for?

A

Sparkling wine, located south of Douro River

39
Q

Sub zones of Beira Interior?

A

Beira Castelao Rodrigo, Cova de Beira, Pinhel

40
Q

Subzone of Dao?

A

Serra da Estrela, Alva, Besteiros, Castendo, Silgueiros, Terras de Azurara, Terres de Senhorim

41
Q

Portugal’s highest mountain range?

A

Serra de Estrela

42
Q

What is nobre in Dao?

A

Red: 3 years ageing, 13% ABV. Min 15% Touriga Nacional, max 85% combined Jaen, Rufete, Alfrocheiro, Arragonez

White: 1 year ageing, 12% ABV. Min 15% Encruzado, max 85% combined Cercial, Bical, Malvasia Fina, Verdelho

43
Q

Nobre Reserva and Nobre Garrafeira?

A

NR Red: 42 months
NR White: 12 months

NG Red: 48 months, 18 months in bottle
NG White: 18 months, 9 months in bottle

All have to have 0.5% more ABV

44
Q

Soil of Bairrada?

A

Barros clay

45
Q

ABV requirement for Bairrada Classico?

A

Red: 12.5% ABV
White: 12% ABV

46
Q

What are the DOPs within Lisboa?

A

Arruda, Alenquer, Bucelas, Colares, Carcavelos, Encostas d’Aire, Lourinha, Obidos, Torres Vedras

47
Q

Ageing requirement of Carcavelos?

A

Barrels aged for 2 years, 6 months in bottle after fortifying with abafado (partially fermented must preserved with alcohol)

48
Q

Subregions of DoTejo IGP?

A

Coruche, Chamusca, Cartaxo, Santarem, Tomar, Almeirim

49
Q

Subregions of Alentejano?

A

Moura, Granja-Amareleja, Evora, Vidigueira, Reguengos, Redondo, Borba, Portalegre

50
Q

Soil of Portalegre?

A

Granite slopes, from Sao Mamede Mountains

51
Q

Subregion of Algarve?

A

Lagos, Lagoa, Portimao, Tavira

52
Q

Island DOP of Açores (Azores)?

A

Pico, Graciosa, Biscoitos (Terceria)

Soil: Volcanic soil (Basalt rocks)
Training method: Low to the ground within Currais (enclosed by low stone walls)

53
Q

Requirement of Pico DOP licoroso.

A

Min 2 years in oak, min 16% ABV. Made from Verdelho, Arinto, Terrantez.

54
Q

DOP within Terres Madeirenses IGP?

A

Madeira (fortified), Madeirense (still)

55
Q

What is the soil of colares?

A

Chao de areia (sand, for Ramisco), chao de rija (hard soil, for castelao)

56
Q

Subregion of Vinho Verde DOP

A

Moncao e Malgaco, Lima, Basto, Cavado, Ave, Amarante, Sousa, Baiao, Paivo

57
Q

DOP within Terras de Dao

A

Dao, Lafoes

58
Q

Subzone of Encostas d’Aire

A

Ourem, Alcobaca

59
Q

Style of Lourinha?

A

Aquadente, min 38% ABV

60
Q

Style of Bucelas

A

White (still & sparkling). Min 75% Arinto (Perdana)

61
Q

DOP within Peninsula de Setubal

A

Palmela, Setubal

62
Q

Commune in Palmela and Setubal

A

Palmela, Montijo, Setubal, Castelo

63
Q

Difference between Palmela and Setubal

A

Palmela can produce white, red, rose, sparkling and sweet.

Setubal only sweet (from torna viagem process, similar to Madeira)

64
Q

What is the mountain in Peninsula de Setubal

A

Arrabida Mountain

65
Q

What is the river in Alentejano & Tejo?

A

Tagus or Tejo River

66
Q

What does Envelhecido em Garrafa means on LBV Port?

A

Additional 3 years of bottle ageing, unfiltered. More similar to vintage port.

67
Q

Training method in Madeira

A

Levadas, pergola-trained with vines suspended low on trellises

68
Q

Ageing requirement of Frasqueira Madeira

A

Min 20 years, 85% of single varietal

69
Q

What is mutage in Portugal?

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