Spinal issues

Question 1

What is paralysis?

Answer 1

either partial or complete loss of both motor and sensory function

Question 2

What is quadriplegia?

Answer 2

complete loss of leg function with either partial or complete loss of arm function

Question 3

What is paraplegia?

Answer 3

loss of leg function

Question 4

What is hemiplegia?

Answer 4

where one side of the body is paralysed

Question 5

What is scoliosis?

Answer 5

Where the curve of the spine curves sideways as either a C or S shape

Question 6

What is kyphosis?

Answer 6

where the spine creates an exaggerated, abnormally rounded upper back

Question 7

What is lordosis?

Answer 7

-the spine curves in more then normal at the lower back
-often known as a sway back

Question 8

What is a slipped disc?

Answer 8

-when the cartilaginous disc of tissue that separates two vertebrae bulges out
-if the spinal nerve is affected, the patient may feel pain, tingling and numbness along the affected nerve

Question 9

List the ways that spinal injury can occur?

Answer 9

-fracture
-dislocation

-hyperflexion (spine is bent forwards exceeding the span of possible movement)
-hyperextension (spine is extended backwards

-axial injury (force of landing on head or feet travels upwards through the body and spine)
-rotational injury (when the body twists as the person lands)

Question 10

What are the 5 types of fracture?

Answer 10

1. simple fracture= fracture leaves vertebra in place, no neurological deficits
2. compression fracture= fracture is caused by an axial injury and hyeprflexion
3. wedge compression fracture= stable fracture but includes compression of vertebra
4. teardrop fracture= piece of vertebra breaks away, making it unstable
5. comminuted fracture= vertebra shatters into small pieces, very unstable, affects spinal cord

Question 11

What are the 3 types of dislocation?

Answer 11

1. dislocation= one vertebra rides over the next one
2. subluxation= partial or incomplete dislocation
3. fracture-dislocation= both a dislocation and fracture

Question 12

What is a vertebral column injury?

Answer 12

an injury to one or more of the vertebrae

Question 13

What is spinal shock?

Answer 13

a temporary loss of neurological function that occurs after a spinal cord injury, below the level of the injury

Question 14

What is neurogenic shock?

Answer 14

-A life-threatening condition that occurs when the nervous system is damaged, preventing the body from regulating blood pressure, heart rate, and temperature
-neurogenic shock usually happens when there’s an injury to the spinal cord above the T6 level.