Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves Flashcards
nerve cell bodies arranged in areas called hors form ____
gray matter in the spinal cord
bungles of myelinated axons called tracts arranged as ascending (sensory) and descending (motor) tracts form ____
white matter in the spinal cord
organization of grey matter:
most posterior structures are sensory
posterior gray horns
organization of grey matter:
visceral motor nuclei (organs)
lateral gray horns
organization of grey matter:
most anterior structures are motor
anterior gray horns
What horns of the spinal cord are composed of sensory neuron cell bodies?
dorsal
most superficial layer of meninges
dura mater
meningeal layer adhered to the internal surface of the skull
endosteal dura mater
most superficial meningeal layer surrounding the spinal cord
meingeal dura mater
intermediate layer of meninges
arachnoid mater
space between arachnoid mater and pia mater
subarachnoid space
CSF circulates in the ____ space
subarachnoid
most deep layer of meninges
pia mater
meningeal layer adhered to the surface of the brain & spinal cord
pia mater
formed by nerve cell bodies arranged in areas called ganglia
gray matter in spinal nerves
Dorsal root ganglia are composed of ____.
sensory nerve cell bodies
formed by bundles of myelinated axons called nerves arranged in groups called plexuses
white matter in spinal nerves
branches of spinal nerves:
sensation of the back and deep back muscles
dorsal rami
branches of spinal nerves:
sensation and movement of the rest of the body (other than the back and deep back muscles)
ventral rami
__ pairs of spinal nerves:
\_\_ cervical pairs \_\_ thoracic pairs \_\_ lumbar pairs \_\_ sacral pairs \_\_ coccygeal
31 pairs of spinal nerves:
8 cervical pairs 12 thoracic pairs 5 lumbar pairs 5 sacral pairs 1 coccygeal
the adult spinal cord ends at the ____ vertebral level
L2
nerves hanging below spinal cord
cauda equina
functional components of spinal nerves:
dorsal root
sensory only
functional components of spinal nerves:
ventral root
motor only
functional components of spinal nerves:
spinal nerve
mixed nerve
functional components of spinal nerves:
dorsal ramus
mixed nerve
functional components of spinal nerves:
ventral ramus
mixed nerve
spinal nerve connective tissue covering:
outer layer that becomes continuous with the dura mater
epineurium
spinal nerve connective tissue covering:
layer surrounding a fascicle (a bundle of axons)
perineurium
spinal nerve connective tissue covering:
layer surrounding a single axon
endoneurium
automatic, stereotyped response to stimulus
reflex
a response to a withdrawal reflex (left knee extends as right knee reflexes
crossed extensor reflex
Stimulating muscle spindles produces a _______ reflex.
stretch reflex
reflexive extension of the toes in neonates when the plantar surface is stroked
Babinski’s
area of skin supplied by one pair of spinal nerves
dermatome
bundle of nerves that supply particular region of the body
nerve plexus
four nerve plexuses:
cervical, brachial, lumbar, sacral
only spinal nerves that do not form a plexus
thoracic
nerve from cervical plexus that supplies the respiratory diaphragm (C1-C3)
phrenic nerve
major nerves of brachial plexus:
musculocutaneous, median, ulnar, radial, axillary
nerve plexus that supplies the UE
brachial
major nerves of lumbar plexus:
femoral and obturator
spinal cord enlargement that supplies the LE
lumbar
a nerve of the lumbar plexus that supplies the LE
femoral
major nerves of sacral plexus:
sciatic, pudendal, gluteal
a nerve in the sacral plexus that supplies the LE; largest nerve in the body
sciatic nerve
components/major branches of sciatic nerve
tibial branch and common peroneal branch
