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Human Anatomy > Axial Muscles > Flashcards

Axial Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

how are muscles grouped

A

by nerve supply

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2
Q

supplied by facial nerve (cranial nerve (CN) VII)

A

facial muscles

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3
Q

circular muscle around lips, helps close lips (not open), unilateral

A

orbicularis oris

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4
Q

any kind of circular shaped muscle used for opening

A

sphincter

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5
Q

circular muscles attached under eye lids, help close eye lids (not open), bilateral

A

orbicularis oculi

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6
Q

attaches to zygomatic bone and angle of mouth, elevates angles/corners of mouth (smile), bilateral

A

zygomaticus major

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7
Q

under skin of forehead, come down to eyebrow, elevates eyebrows when it contracts/shortens, bilateral

A

frontalis

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8
Q

attaches to angles of mouth, depresses angles/corners of mouth (frown), bilateral

A

depressor anguli oris

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9
Q

attaches to lower lips, pulls down (pouting), bilateral

A

depressor labii

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10
Q

attaches to lower lip, pulls down lower lip (pouting and frowning)

A

mentalis

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11
Q

attaches to upper lip, elevates upper lip

A

levator labii

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12
Q

elevates/opens eye lid, but not facial muscle because not supplied by facial nerve

A

levator palpebrae

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13
Q

outside of eyeball, four rectus muscles, two oblique muscles, each helps pull eye in different direction

A

extraoccular muscles

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14
Q

pulls eye up

A

superior rectus

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15
Q

pulls eye laterally (away from midline)

A

lateral rectus

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16
Q

pulls eye toward midline (toward nose)

A

medial rectus

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17
Q

pulls eye down

A

inferior rectus

18
Q

pulls eye down, more diagonal, attaches to back of eye

A

superior oblique

19
Q

pulls eye up, more diagonal, attaches to back of eye

A

inferior oblique

20
Q

for chewing, some are not supplied by facial nerve

A

muscles of mastication

21
Q

on temporal bone area, helps elevate/close jaw (biting)

A

temporalis action

22
Q

attaches to zygomatic bone and angle of mandible, helps elevate/close jaw (biting)

A

masseter action

23
Q

attached to pterygoid plate, helps elevate/close jaw (biting)

A

medial pterygoid

24
Q

attached to pterygoid plate, evolutionary change in mammals, allows us to open jaw (depress mandible) under pressure to maintain control and allows side to side and forward movement of mandible

A

lateral pterygoid

25
Q

bilateral, attach to genial tubercle, form the tongue

A

tongue muscles (genioglossus)

26
Q

muscles of pharynx (throat)

A

pharyngeal constrictors

27
Q

on either side of neck, used bilaterally to flex neck or bend chin down, used unilaterally to turn head to the side

A

sternocleidomastoid (SCM)

28
Q

elevate hyoid bone during speaking or swallowing

A

suprahyoid muscles

29
Q

depress/pull down hyoid bone during speaking or swallowing

A

infrahyoid muscles

30
Q

helps erect/straighten spine (vertebral column)

A

erector spinae muscles

31
Q

most lateral erector spinae muscle, attaches to ilium and ribs

A

iliocostalis

32
Q

longest erector spinae muscle, attaches to ilium and mastoid process, helps rotate head

A

longissimus

33
Q

most medial erector spinae muscle, attaches to adjacent spinal processes

A

spinalis

34
Q

four muscles, help flex vertebral column (bend over) and compress abdominal contents

A

abdominal muscles

35
Q

line of connective tissue in midline that the external abdominal oblique, internal abdominal oblique, and transversus abdominus insert into

A

linea alba

36
Q

abdominal muscle running from xiphoid process to pubic bone, has tendinous intersections running though it, only one that doesn’t wrap from back and attach to linea alba

A

rectus abdominus

37
Q

abdominal muscle with fibers running down and medially, wraps from back to front and inserts into linea alba

A

external abdominal oblique

38
Q

abdominal muscle with fibers running up and medially, wraps from back to front and inserts into linea alba

A

internal abdominal oblique

39
Q

deepest layer of abdominal muscles, wraps from back to front and inserts into linea alba

A

transversus abdominus

40
Q

a respiratory muscle, separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities, used for breathing, fibers converge to central tendon in middle, concave when relaxed, flattens when contracted (allowing for larger volume of air), supplied by spinal nerve C3-C5, contains three hiatuses for aorta, esophagus, and vena cava to pass through

A

diaphragm

41
Q

group of muscles that attach to coxal bone, support pelvic organs

A

levator ani

42
Q

group of muscles (including ischiocavernosus, bulbospongiosus, and superficial transverse perin) that form base to anchor external genitalia

A

perineum muscles

Human Anatomy (24 decks)

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