Spinal Cord Flashcards
_____________ phenomenon occurs when patients with a demyelinating disease develop recrudescense of symptoms attributable to a CNS demyelinating lesions with an increase in body temperature such as when febrile, during exercise, or when ambient temperatures are hot (eg in the shower).
Uhthoff phenomenon
Most common location of spinal cord injury
a. cervical
b. thoracic
c. lumbar
d. sacral
a. cervical
C1 fracture (eponym)
Jefferson Fracture
Fracture though pedicles of C2
a. Odontoid fracture
b. Hangman’s fracture
c. jefferson fracture
d. Chance fracture
b. Hangman’s fracture
No sensory or motor function below the level of the lesion including sacral segments S4 and S5
a. ASIA A
b. ASIA B
c. ASIA C
d. ASIA D
a. ASIA A
Sensory but not motor function is preserved below the neurologic level and includes the sacral segments S4-S5 (light touch and pin prick) at S4-S5 or deep anal pressure
A. ASIA A
B. ASIA B
C. ASIA C
D. ASIA D
B. ASIA B (sensory incomplete)
First reflex to return after a spinal shock?
bulbocavernosus reflex
Most frequent etiologic agent of spinal epidural abscess
staphylococcus aureus
Most frequently affected region of the spine in spinal epidural abscess
thoracic spine
because of greater length compared to other portions
Most common region affected by vertebral bacterial osteomyelitis
Lumbar spine
most common region affected in pott disease
thoracic or upper lumbar spine
WHich form of schistosomiasis is most commonly associated with involvement of the spinal meninges?
S.mansoni
S. mansoni, S. haematobium and S. japonicum may affect the spine
T/F
Oligoclonal bands may be absent with the first attack in Acute Demyelinating Myelitis of Multiple Sclerosis
True
A disorder mainly of adult men characterized by amyotrophic paraplegia that ran a progressive course over several months. The defining feature is of severe necrosis of both gray and white matter in the lumbosacral region and a marked increase in the number of small vessels, their walls thickened, cellular and fibrotic (angiodysplastic), yet without vascular occlusion
Foix alajouanine Myelopathy
CSF characteristic of Acute Demyelinating Myelitis
Mild lymphocytosis with oligoclonal bands
might be absent in the first attack
CSF characteristics of spinal epidural abscess
Few WBC (both PMN and lymphocytes)
High protein
but normal glucose
CSF findings of transverse myelitis
Lymphocytes, slight protein elevation
but normal glucose
NO OLIGOCLONAL BANDS
Spinal cord infarctions represent how many percent of stroke?
1.2%
Most common causes of hematomyelia (4)
Anticoagulants
Blood dyscrasia
Avm
Trauma
Spinal region most commonly affected in Decompression Sickness
upper thoracic spinal cord
CSF findings in spinal subdural hemorrhage
dark yellow-brown spinal fluid that resembles used motor oil
Blood supply of the following
cervical cord
thoracic cord
lumbar cord
sacral cord
cervical - subclavian and vertebral arteries
thoracic and lumbar - segmental arteries arising from the aorta and internal iliac arteries
sacral - segmental branches of the lateral sacral arteries
most common primary extramedullary tumors of the spinal cord
neurofibroma and meningioma
neurofibromas have a predominance for these spinal regions
thoracic and lumbar
most common intramedullary tumor of the spine
astrocytoma
Which of the following statements will tell us that the patient has spinal shock?
A. all voluntary movements in parts of the body below the lesion is immediately lost
B. sensation from the lower parts of the body is abolished
C. tendon and autonomic reflex functions in segments of the isolated spinal cord are suspended
C. tendon and autonomic reflex functions in segments of the isolated spinal cord are suspended
True of management of spinal cord injury
A. high dose methylprednisolone should be given within the 12 hours post injury
B. bacteriuria without pyuria is common and requires treatment with antibiotics
C. Chronic pain may be seen in up to 50 percent of cases and requires the use of non steroidal anti inflammatory medication, injection of local anesthetics, and transcutaneous nerve stimulation
C.
