SPID- Group Behaviour

Question 1

what is social facilitation?

Answer 1

the idea that in the presence of other we improve our performance in tasks

Question 2

triplett fish study

Answer 2

asked chidlren to wind a fishing rod alone and in a group, they perfomed better in a group supporting the idea of social fascilitation

Question 3

what is drive theory?

Answer 3

when we observe people we become alert and aroused, we question our skill set and our dominant response comes forward aiding us to decide wether we can perform the task at hand (social fascilitation)

Question 4

what is social loafing?

Answer 4

idea that in a group we work less hard because we expect others to do the work for us

Question 5

what is the cyberball study?

Answer 5

people left out of a virtual game (not even real life) and found that their mood had decreased, this shows the importance for a sense of belonging and how effected we are by ostracism

Question 6

who is most affected by ostracism?

Answer 6

socially anxious people

Question 7

Gender differences in social loafing and ostracism ?

Answer 7

females when faced with ostracism then socially compensate but men turn to social loafing

Question 8

what is relative deprivation?

Answer 8

the idea that a person will feel deprived or entitled to something due to their comparison of themselves to someone else

Question 9

gay example of relative deprivation?

Answer 9

LGBTQIA community feeling deprived of the right to marry since heterosexual groups had this right

Question 10

relative deprivation and relative gratification are associated with high levels of …

Answer 10

prejudice towards other groups and the curbing of immigration

Question 11

what is the v curve hypothesis?

Answer 11

the idea that RG & RD lead to similar outcomes of predjudice

Question 12

what are the types of RD?

Answer 12

egoistic
franternalistic

Question 13

what is egoistic deprivation?

Answer 13

when we see people similar to us treated btter/different

Question 14

what is franternalistic deprivation?

Answer 14

see our GROUP as a whole treated differently

Question 15

Switzerland referendum 2014 study

Answer 15

people were more likely to vote for immigration to be curbed if they were from low income and high income

Question 16

RD = against immigration because …

Answer 16

they compare their current finacial sitation to the future situtation after immigration has been allowed and see they will be in more jeaoprady

Question 17

RG = against immigration because

Answer 17

believe their wealth is in threat

Question 18

how does political violence depend on future optimism?

Answer 18

people who have less hope for the future are more politicall agressive as they have nothing to lose but alos people who have a lot to lose

Question 19

sherrif camp study

Answer 19

young middle class boys set up in two camps more prejudice when they were competing but this hostility reduced when they were told to achieve the same goals

Question 20

what is the minimal condition for discrimination ?

Answer 20

groups of the self and other

Question 21

what is social identity theory

Answer 21

people derive their goals from their group

Question 22

what is the process of social identity theory?

Answer 22

social categorisation (self and other), identification (adopt norms etc of group) , comparison (in group favoritism and rivals in other groups) and differentiation (positive self importance, leading to prejudice)

Question 23

social mobility

Answer 23

change group when
its possible
low identification with group

Question 24

social creativity

Answer 24

accept your group is worse than others
unable to change

Question 25

social compeition

Answer 25

dont accept ur group is worse
attempt to change status quo of group

Question 26

lebon

Answer 26

we can repress our innate drive to be agressive when we are laone but this becomes more difficult in the prescence of a crowd

Question 27

freud

Answer 27

crowd unlocks the unconscious

Question 28

what is deindividuation?

Answer 28

the idea that we are predisposed to hostile behaviour and in a crowd when we feel annymous our agressive behaviur comes to the surface and we are less aware of our behaviour and act irrationally as we have lost a part of ourselves

Question 29

key example of deindividuation

Answer 29

zimbardos stanford prison experiment ….

Question 30

northern island - silke 2003

Answer 30

offenders who were wearing a disguise were more likely to vandalise, attack people and cause injuryt.
claiming wearing disguise leads to crime

Question 31

problem with silke study

Answer 31

caustaion - masks bc they didnt want to be identified or did the mask lead them to commit crime?

Question 32

Diener study

Answer 32

kids on hallowen (disguised) told they could only take one sweet when trick or treating, when alone they did this, but in a group they didnt. blending into a group and anominity leading to rule breaking

Question 33

deindividuation and Tottenham riots

Answer 33

would argue that the riots advanced because the diffusion of responsibility led to people losing their sense of self and commiting unlawful acts

Question 34

evaluate deindiviudation

Answer 34

not everyone wore covers to lose sense of self
riots were still contained to certain areas
doesnt account for peacful crwods doesnt always end in violence

Question 35

Social identity of deindividuation (SIDE) model

Answer 35

us vs them
identity is on a continuum (person to social)
position on this depdens on context
crowd situations shift us to the social side meaing you are less focused on your identity but more likely to conform to group norms

Question 36

steinel

Answer 36

needing to belong = higher levels of conformity

Question 37

SIDE model explanation of Tottenham riots

Answer 37

• attack on outer groups (them)
• riots in a low status group (identify with group)
• companies = outer groups
  -relationship between higher/outer group and inner group

Question 38

limitations of SIDE?

Answer 38

fails to explain behaviours of certain group memebrs - middle class

Question 39

biological reason for helping others

Answer 39

• help people genetically related to us

Question 40

what twins are most supportive of each other

Answer 40

MZ twins are most supportive to each other rather than DZ twins because tehy are most genetically similar

Question 41

empathy in helping others

Answer 41

• Requires perspective taking (putting yourself in other people’s shoes)
• Females tend to have higher levels of empathy than men
• Feeling empathy when others are in distress is uncomfortable for us
• Not helping others can lead to guilt, we help others to make ourselves feel better about ourselves. Altruism doesn’t exist, we just reduce the other unpleasant feeling.

Question 42

what is the bystander calculus model

Answer 42

exaplains wether we help people in a given situation
notice event –> emergency? –> responsibility?–> know how to help –> provide help

at each stage no help is an option

Question 43

learning theory

Answer 43

helping others is a behaviour that must be learned

Question 44

crusec

Answer 44

126 children - bowling game - win marbles, most marbles = better prizes - or could donate your marbles so another child could get - three different teaching methods - instruct them to be helpful(tell them to donate a marble) - modelling, when experimenter won they would donate a marble - both of the above together - no difference so equally effective in getting prosocial behaviour.

Question 45

latane and darleys cognitve model

Answer 45

We need to be paying attention to our surroundings and what is happening - then we need to describe an event as an emergency - assume responsibility - decide what can be done

Question 46

how do we internalise messages to be prosocial

Answer 46

We must have an accurate perception of message that the parents are trying to teach, they must also be focused on the messaged. Then they must accept the message and what it is telling them to do. Is it a good message? They must be motivated to accept the message. Also they must maintain a sense of autonomy. The combinations of these factors leads to internalisation of the message.