Specific Learning Disorder [SLDs] Flashcards
What characterizes Specific Learning Disorders (SLDs)?
SLDs are characterized by persistent learning difficulties and deficits in academic skills during school years, despite interventions, and not attributable to Intellectual Disability or sensory impairments.
What are some common difficulties associated with Specific Learning Disorders?
Difficulties include inaccurate or slow reading, comprehension challenges, spelling difficulties, issues with written expression, and problems with numbers, arithmetic, and mathematical reasoning.
What are the specifications for Specific Learning Disorders?
With impairment in reading (dyslexia): Difficulties in word reading, reading rate and fluency, and comprehension.
With impairment in written expression: Challenges in spelling accuracy, grammar and punctuation, and clarity or organization of written work.
With impairment in mathematics: Issues with number sense, arithmetic facts, calculations, and mathematical reasoning.
What are the severity levels used in diagnosing Specific Learning Disorders?
Mild: Difficulties in one or two academic domains but able to function with accommodations.
Moderate: Requires specialized teaching and significant difficulties in academic performance.
Severe: Unable to complete academic activities even with accommodations or interventions.
What assessments are used to evaluate Specific Learning Disorders?
Assessments include WISC-V for identifying strengths and weaknesses, WIAT-III for assessing scholastic abilities and planning interventions, collaboration with teachers, clinical interviews, and medical assessments for sensory impairments.
What are some differentials for Specific Learning Disorders?
Differentials include lack of educational opportunities, learning in a second language, Intellectual Disability (ID), medical conditions like head injuries or neurocognitive disorders, and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).
What treatments are recommended for Specific Learning Disorders?
Treatments include educational interventions such as specialized schools and teaching methods, psychoeducation for both the child and parents, continued monitoring and support, occupational therapy (OT) when appropriate (e.g., for writing), and behavioral interventions focusing on positive reinforcement.
