Major Depressive Disorder [MDD] Flashcards
What characterizes Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)?
MDD is characterized by the presence of at least one major depressive episode lasting for at least two weeks. It involves symptoms such as depressed mood or anhedonia (loss of interest or pleasure), along with changes in appetite or weight, sleep disturbances, decreased energy, feelings of worthlessness, difficulty concentrating, and thoughts of suicide.
How is Major Depressive Disorder assessed?
MDD is assessed through a clinical interview and observation to evaluate the presence and severity of depressive symptoms. Diagnostic criteria from the DSM-5 are used to confirm the diagnosis, and self-report scales or screenings may be utilized to monitor symptoms over time.
What are common treatments for Major Depressive Disorder?
Treatment for MDD often includes promoting a healthy lifestyle with attention to eating habits, sleep, and exercise. Family support and involvement are crucial, along with medication (such as antidepressants), therapy (such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy or play therapy), and suicide prevention strategies including the development of a safety plan
What are the differentials for Major Depressive Disorder?
Differential diagnoses for MDD include Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD), Persistent Depressive Disorder (PDD), Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Adjustment Disorder, and bereavement or normal sadness. These conditions share some symptoms with MDD but have distinct diagnostic criteria and treatment approaches.
What characterizes Persistent Depressive Disorder (PDD)?
PDD involves a chronic depressed mood that is present for the majority of days, lasting for at least 1 year in children and adolescents (2 years in adults). It includes symptoms such as poor appetite or overeating, sleep disturbances, low energy or fatigue, low self-esteem, poor concentration or difficulty making decisions, and feelings of hopelessness.
