Species Concepts (Week 2 Lecture 2)

Question 1

______ suggested a view of a dynamic earth to help explain variation in life over space and time.

Answer 1

Aristotle

Question 2

______ developed a scheme for the classification of all life.

Answer 2

Carolus Linnaeus

Question 3

Who proposed the Paradisiacal Mountain hypothesis?

Answer 3

Carolus Linnaeus

Question 4

What mountain did Linnaeus believe organisms spread from?

Answer 4

Mount Ararat

Question 5

______ Species originated around the north pole during a warm period then as globe cooled, species migrated south.

Answer 5

Georges-Louis Buffon

Question 6

What is the importance of Buffons hypothesis?

Answer 6

Dynamic climate, adaptarion of species

Question 7

______ states environmentally similar but isolated regions have distinct assemblages of mammals and birds.

Answer 7

Buffon’s Law

Question 8

______ is known as the founder of plant geography and stated that The earth was divided into regions which he defined as tropical, temperate, and arctic and within these regions there were similar forms of vegetation.

Answer 8

Alexander von Humboldt

Question 9

______ observed species competition and the several differences that influenced the discovery of the diversity of life.

Answer 9

Augustin de Candolle

Question 10

______ developed the theory of uniformitarianism.

Answer 10

Charles Lyell

Question 11

What is the theory of uniformitarianism.

Answer 11

This theory explained how the world was not created by one sole catastrophic event, but instead from numerous creation events and locations

Question 12

______ introduced the idea of natural selection.

Answer 12

Charles Darwin

Question 13

______ is nicknamed the father of biogeography.

Answer 13

Alfred Russel Wallace

Question 14

______ studied the distribution of flora and fauna in theAmazon Basinand theMalay Archipelagoin the mid-19th century.

Answer 14

Alfred Russel Wallace

Question 15

______ introduced the theory of continental drift.

Answer 15

Alfred Wegener

Question 16

______ is asupercontinentthat existed during the latePaleozoicand earlyMesozoiceras.

Answer 16

Pangea

Question 17

What time frame did pangea exist?

Answer 17

Approximately 335 mya, and began to break apart about 175 million years ago.

Question 18

What 4 major developments revolutionized biogeography in the latter part of the 20th century?

Answer 18

The acceptance of plate tectonics

The development of new phylogenetic techniques

New ways of conducting ecological research

Investigations in the factors limiting distributions

Question 19

What is a niche?

Answer 19

conditions and habitats an organism needs to flourish