Global Diversity (Week 5 Lecture 7) Flashcards
Who named over 9000 terrestrial plant species?
Carl Linnaeus
90% of plants are ______.
Angiosperms
Tropical regions are ______ with species while polar regions are ______ with species.
Rich, poor
Who described a global latitudinal gradient in species diversity?
Alexander von Humboldt
Who has the most plant species between asia europe and north america?
Eastern asia, north america, europe
In Canada, where is the most species richness?
Central Canada
In the temperate zone, a peak of within-community species richness occurs between approximately what latitudes?
Between 35 and 60 degrees.
Understanding patterns of diversity is important for ______.
Conservation
Between tropical, polar and temperate regions, arrange them in species richness.
Tropical, temperate, polar
An example of a the dry- and wet-adapted species - sorted into uplands and wetlands respectively.
Rice
Adaptation, isolation, speciation and extinctinction are examples of?
Evolutionary processes
True or False: evolutionary processes can happen quick or slow.
True
True or False: Humans and their effects on the environment have greatly accelerated these processes for some species.
True
What are the 5 spatial scales in the hierarchical framework for processes influencing biodiversity?
LoLaRCG
Local Landscape Region Continent Global
What are the 3 examples of important factors for local?
Microenvironment, biotic interactions, disturbance
What are the 4 examples of important factors for landscape?
Soil type, topography, elevation, metapopulation dynamics, disturbance
What are the 4 examples of important factors for region?
Climatic gradients, recent glacial history, migration
What are the 4 examples of important factors for continent?
Climatic cycles, mountain building, speciation, extinction
What are the 2 examples of important factors for global?
Plate tectonics, sea level changes
At local scales, what 2 processes influence biodiversity on a spatial scale?
Physical complexity of habitat and interactions among species
At landscape scales, what 2 processes influence biodiversity on a spatial scale?
Migration among communities and extinction within communities
At global scales, what 2 processes influence biodiversity on a spatial scale?
Migration and extinction in response to climate change
If you increase productivity then…
more energy is available for growth and reproduction and therefore more individuals can live in the same area
______ hypothesis is tropics are more species rich because the total tropical land area is greater than total temperate land area.
Area
Available ______ affects species richness, and most consistently showing the relationship
Energy/productivity
Area hypothesis contains both an ______ component and ______ component.
Ecological and evolutionary
______ component is as area increases, spatial heterogeneity also increases
Ecological
______ component is over evolutionary time, a larger area affords greater opportunity for geographic isolation and therefore, greater rates of allopatric speciation.
Evolutionary
What is differences in opportunity for growth?
conditions are so unfavorable that a few species are physiologically capable of persisting there
What is age of the communities?
Increase in species richness toward the Equator, tropics are older than poles
If communities in the tropics have remained intact for a longer time then,
the organisms in those communities should have had more opportunity to diversify into many species.
True or False: Differences in species richness are largely a result of continental-scale geographic relationships
True
Why could asia have more plant species then europe and US?
China is directly connected to tropical and subtropical regions
